LipperZ 2019-06-28
(venv3) [vagrant@localhost ~]$ cd /vagrant/ (venv3) [vagrant@localhost vagrant]$ django-admin startproject devops (venv3) [vagrant@localhost vagrant]$ tree devops/ devops/ #项目容器 ├── devops #是实际的python项目包 │ ├── __init__.py │ ├── settings.py #配置文件 │ ├── urls.py #路由文件 │ └── wsgi.py └── manage.py #实用的命令行工具 (venv3) [vagrant@localhost vagrant]$ vim devops/devops/settings.py #数据库配置文件更改 DATABASES = { 'default': { 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql', 'NAME': 'devops', 'USER': 'root', 'PASSWORD': '123456', 'HOST': 'localhost', 'PORT': 3306, 'OPTIONS':{ 'init_command': 'SET default_storage_engine=INNODB;', }, } }
(venv3) [vagrant@localhost devops]$ python manage.py runserver 0:8000
(venv3) [vagrant@localhost devops]$ python manage.py startapp dashboard #方法一 (venv3) [vagrant@localhost devops]$ django-admin startapp dashboard1 #方法二
startproject和startapp的区别
一个项目下有多个app(一对多的关系)
(venv3) [vagrant@localhost devops]$ vim dashboard/urls.py from django.conf.urls import url urlpatterns = [ ]
(venv3) [vagrant@localhost devops]$ vim devops/settings.py INSTALLED_APPS = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'dashboard' ]
(venv3) [vagrant@localhost devops]$ vim dashboard/views.py from django.shortcuts import render from django.http import HttpResponse #视图函数 def index(request): return HttpResponse("hello world")
(venv3) [vagrant@localhost devops]$ vim dashboard/urls.py from django.conf.urls import url from .views import index urlpatterns = [ url(r'^$',index,name='index') ]
(venv3) [vagrant@localhost devops]$ vim devops/urls.py from django.conf.urls import url,include from django.contrib import admin urlpatterns = [ url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), url(r'^dashboard/',include("dashboard.urls")) ]
(venv3) [vagrant@localhost devops]$ python3 manage.py runserver 0:8000
常用的属性:
request.body -----b''- GET request.GET request.GET.get('xx') request.GET.getlist('oo') - POST request.GET request.GET.get('xx') request.GET.getlist('oo')
In [1]: from django.http import QueryDict In [2]: QueryDict('aa=bb&cc=dd&cc=xxx') Out[2]: <QueryDict: {'aa': ['bb'], 'cc': ['dd', 'xxx']}> In [3]: q = QueryDict('aa=bb&cc=dd&cc=xxx') \ In [4]: QueryDict.fromkeys(['a','b','a'],value='val') Out[4]: <QueryDict: {'a': ['val', 'val'], 'b': ['val']}> In [5]: q Out[5]: <QueryDict: {'aa': ['bb'], 'cc': ['dd', 'xxx']}> In [6]: q.dict() Out[6]: {'aa': 'bb', 'cc': 'xxx'} In [7]: q.urlencode() Out[7]: 'aa=bb&cc=dd&cc=xxx'
请求返回都在request.body中
def index_2(request): if request.method == "GET": print("request get =",request.GET) data = request.GET.copy() data['aa'] = 'xxxxxx' print("data =",data) print("aa =",request.GET.get("aa")) #取出单个值 print("cc =",request.GET.getlist("cc")) #取出多个值 elif request.method == "POST": print("request post =",request.POST) print("aa =",request.POST.get("aa")) print("cc =",request.POST.getlist("cc")) elif request.method == "DELETE": print("delete=",QueryDict(request.body)) elif request.method == "PUT": print("put=",QueryDict(request.body)) return HttpResponse("")
In [1]: import requests In [2]: url = "http://127.0.0.1:8000/dashboard/" In [3]: data = {} In [4]: data['aa'] = 'bb' In [5]: data['cc'] = ['dd','ee'] In [9]: requests.delete(url,data=data) Out[9]: <Response [200]> In [10]: requests.put(url,data=data) Out[10]: <Response [200]>
def login(request): msg = "" if request.method == "POST": username = request.POST.get("username") userpass = request.POST.get("userpass") if username == "admin" and userpass == "123456": msg = "login success" else: msg = "login failed" else: msg = "请求方法不被允许!" returnHttpResponse(msg)
In [11]: url = "http://192.168.33.10/login/" In [12]: data = {} In [13]: data['username'] = "admin" In [14]: data['userpass'] = "123456" In [16]: r = requests.post(url,data) In [18]: r.content.decode('utf8')
(venv3) [vagrant@localhost devops]$ python3 manage.py shell (venv3) [vagrant@localhost devops]$ python3 manage.py dbshell (venv3) [vagrant@localhost devops]$ python3 manage.py showmigrations (venv3) [vagrant@localhost devops]$ python3 manage.py makemigrations (venv3) [vagrant@localhost devops]$ python3 manage.py migrate -----------------------------------创建用户-------------------------------------- (venv3) [vagrant@localhost devops]$ python3 manage.py shell In [1]: from django.contrib.auth.models import User In [2]: User.objects.create_user("wanghui","[email protected]",'123456') #创建普通用户 In [3]: User.objects.create_superuser("admin","[email protected]",'123456') #创建超级管理员
---------修改密码-------------------------------------------------------
In [5]: u = User.objects.get(username="wanghui") In [6]: u.set_password('654321') In [7]: u.save()
---------删除用户----------------------------
GET请求:展示登陆页面 POST请求:执行用户登陆 1. 接收用户post过来的用户名密码 2. 验证用户名密码 3. 返回结果
from django.contrib.auth.models import User from django.contrib.auth import login,authenticate def LoginView(request): if request.method == 'POST': username = request.POST.get('username') userpass = request.POST.get('userpass') # try: # User.objects.get(username=username) # except User.DoesNotExist: # return HttpResponse("用户不存在!") user = authenticate(request,username=username,password=userpass) if user is not None: login(request,user) return HttpResponse("用户登录成功") else: return HttpResponse("用户登录失败") return render(request, 'login.html')
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>用户登录</title> </head> <body> <div> <form method="POST"> <li> <span>username</span> <input type="text" name="username" id=""> </li> <li> <span>password</span> <input type="password" name="userpass"> </li> <li> <input type="submit"> </li> </form> </div> </body> </html>
from django.conf.urls import url from . import views urlpatterns = [ url(r'^$',views.index,name="index"), url(r'^index2/$',views.index_1,name="index_1"), url(r'^login/$',views.loginv1,name="login"), url(r'^loginv2/$',views.LoginView,name="loginv2"), ]