CentOS 6.5 安装部署iSCSI共享存储

87447007 2017-03-01

一、前言

1、什么是iSCSI?

iSCSI技术是一种由IBM公司研究开发的,是一个供硬件设备使用的可以在IP协议的上层运行的SCSI指令集,这种指令集合可以实现在IP网络上运行SCSI协议,使其能够在诸如高速千兆以太网上进行路由选择。iSCSI技术是一种新储存技术,该技术是将现有SCSI接口与以太网络(Ethernet)技术结合,使服务器可与使用IP网络的储存装置互相交换资料。

iSCSI:Internet 小型计算机系统接口 (iSCSI:Internet Small Computer System Interface)。
Internet 小型计算机系统接口(iSCSI)是一种基于 TCP/IP的协议,用来建立和管理 IP 存储设备、主机和客户机等之间的相互连接,并创建存储区域网络(SAN)。SAN 使得 SCSI 协议应用于高速数据传输网络成为可能,这种传输以数据块级别(block-level)在多个数据存储网络间进行。
    SCSI 结构基于客户/服务器模式,其通常应用环境是:设备互相靠近,并且这些设备由 SCSI 总线连接。iSCSI 的主要功能是在 TCP/IP 网络上的主机系统(启动器 initiator)和存储设备(目标器 target)之间进行大量数据的封装和可靠传输过程。此外,iSCSI 提供了在 IP 网络封装 SCSI 命令,且运行在 TCP 上。

2、环境介绍:

本次部署由3台物理机实现,具体信息分别为以下:

a、iSCSI_Server:192.168.30.133

      b、iSCSI_Client1:192.168.30.131

      c、iSCSI_Client2:192.168.30.132

需要用到的软件为:

a、scsi-target-utils    # 提供Server端服务

      b、iscsi-initiator-utils   #提供Client服务

 二、安装部署服务端,即iSCSI_Server

 1、在服务端创建可共享的磁盘或卷;这里就新添加一块新磁盘做为共享;

查看新添加的硬盘:     

[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 30720 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000da3dc
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2 501 512000 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 502 30720 30944256 8e Linux LVM
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

2、对硬盘进行分区并创建LVM卷:

[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x47756356.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
        switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
        sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): p      # 查看分区信息

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x47756356

  Device Boot      Start        End      Blocks  Id  System

Command (m for help): n      #新建一个分区

Command action
  e  extended
  p  primary partition (1-4)
e                   # 新建一个逻辑分区
 
Partition number (1-4): 4     # 卷标为 4

First cylinder (1-20480, default 1):
Using default value 1Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-20480, default 20480):
Using default value 20480Command (m for help): p      # 查看信息
 
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x47756356

  Device Boot      Start        End      Blocks  Id  System/dev/sdb4              1      20480    20971504    5  Extended

Command (m for help): n      # 新建逻辑卷

Command action
  l  logical (5 or over)
  p  primary partition (1-4)
l                   # 选择l,逻辑卷
 
First cylinder (1-20480, default 1):
Using default value 1Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-20480, default 20480):
Using default value 20480Command (m for help): p      # 查看信息

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x47756356

  Device Boot      Start        End      Blocks  Id  System
/dev/sdb4              1      20480    20971504    5  Extended
/dev/sdb5              1      20480    20971488  83  Linux

Command (m for help): w      # 保存

The partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks

[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# partprobe /dev/sdb      # 使刚才的配置立即生效
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 30720 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000da3dc

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2 501 512000 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 502 30720 30944256 8e Linux LVM
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x47756356

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb4 1 20480 20971504 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 1 20480 20971488 83 Linux

[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# cat /proc/partitions
major minor #blocks name
8 0 31457280 sda
8 1 512000 sda1
8 2 30944256 sda2
8 16 20971520 sdb
8 20 1 sdb4
8 21 20971488 sdb5
253 0 27795456 dm-0
253 1 3145728 dm-1

#注:看到以上标黄的信息证明已经创建逻辑卷成功!

接下来创建LVM卷

[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb5        # 创建PV
Physical volume "/dev/sdb5" successfully created
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# vgcreate kvmvg /dev/sdb5     # 创建VG
Volume group "kvmvg" successfully created
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# lvcreate -L 19G -n kvmlv kvmvg  # 创建LV
Logical volume "kvmlv" created.
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# lvs                 # 查看
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv_root VolGroup -wi-ao---- 26.51g
lv_swap VolGroup -wi-ao---- 3.00g
kvmlv kvmvg -wi-a----- 19.00g
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]#

#注:看到以上标黄的信息证明已经创建成功!

3、安装服务端软件:scsi-target-utils

 
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# yum -y install epel-release
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# yum -y install scsi-target-utils.x86_64

   4、配置iSCSI服务:

[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# vim /etc/tgt/targets.conf
#### 在 40行后添加以下信息#######
<target iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi>
  backing-store /dev/kvmvg/kvmlv      
  initiator-address 192.168.30.0/24
</target>

  注:

  iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi : 为共享名

   iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi  :共享卷名及路径

   initiator-address 192.168.30.0/24  :允许哪些地址访问

5、启动服务
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# service tgtd start
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# chkconfig tgtd on
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# netstat -tnlt|grep 3260

  tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3260 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
  tcp 0 0 :::3260 :::* LISTEN

6、添加防火墙规则
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# iptables -I INPUT 4 -p tcp --dport 3260 -j ACCEPT 
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# iptables-save
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# service iptables save
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# service iptables restart

 三、安装Client

因为两台Client配置几乎一样,在此以Client1为例给大家演示具体部署过程

1、首先查看本地磁盘

[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 30720 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000da3dc

  Device Boot      Start        End      Blocks  Id  System
/dev/sda1  *          2        501      512000  83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2            502      30720    30944256  8e  Linux LVM
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 28.5 GB, 28462546944 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3460 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 391 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

# 可以看出只有一块磁盘

2、安装Client软件
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# yum -y install epel-release
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# yum -y install iscsi-initiator-utils.x86_64

   3、启动服务
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# service iscsid start
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# chkconfig iscsid on

4、发现下iSCSI服务端
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# iscsiadm -m discovery -t st -p 192.168.30.133
192.168.30.133:3260,1 iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi

5、挂载该磁盘

a、加载磁盘
# iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi -p 192.168.30.133 -l
Logging in to [iface: default, target: iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi, portal: 192.168.30.133,3260] (multiple)
Login to [iface: default, target: iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi, portal: 192.168.30.133,3260] successful.
# echo "iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi -p 192.168.30.133 -l" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local"

[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sdc: 20.4 GB, 20401094656 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 19456 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

注:看到此信息表示已经加载成功

b、分区格式化
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)/dev/sdc is entire device, not just one partition!
Proceed anyway? (y,n) y
Filesystem label=OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
1245184 inodes, 4980736 blocks
249036 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
152 block groups3
2768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
    32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
    4096000Writing inode tables: done                           
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 35 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]#

c、挂载到本地
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# mount /dev/sdc /mnt
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# echo "mount /dev/sdc /mnt" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
                      26G  2.6G  23G  11% /
tmpfs                939M    0  939M  0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1            477M  52M  400M  12% /boot
/dev/sdc              19G  44M  18G  1% /mnt
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]#

Client_1的所有配置已经配置完成,Client_2配置与Client_1基本相同,只是Client_2不需要再分区格式化了,直接加载及挂载就可以!

好了,部署已经全部完成,如果什么问题可以回复或发邮件到:[email protected]

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