python 基础之 socket接口与web接口

python 网络编程 主要有socket模块、BaseHTTPServer模块。socket属于更底层次，方便在日常运维工作中使用， http web接口更适合开放给外部人员使用，毕竟大多数语言都很方便支持http请求。

首先看最基本socket客户端与服务端实例:

#!/usr/bin/python

#coding=utf-8

import socket

host = 'xx'

socketport = '1009'

flag = 'xxxx'

sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

sock.connect((host, int(socketport)))

sock.send(flag)

recv = sock.recv(1024)

print "接收终端返回码："+recv

sock.close()

#!/usr/bin/python

#coding=utf-8

import os

import sys

import commands

import traceback

import socket

reload(sys)

sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')

def oscmd(buf):

cmdtype = buf.strip()

##业务逻辑代码、处理完毕返回给客端#

connection.send('sucess')

# Step1: 创建socket对象

sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

# 让socket支持地址复用 默认是不支持的

sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET,socket.SO_REUSEADDR,1)

# Step2: 配置socket 绑定IP和端口

sock.bind(('0.0.0.0', 1009))

# 设置最大允许连接数，各连接和server的通信遵循FIFO原则

sock.listen(1)

# Step3: 循环轮询socket状态，等待访问

while 1:

try:

#获取连接

connection,address = sock.accept()

buf = connection.recv(10240)

src_ip = address[0]

src_port = str(address[1])

print "接收提交请求:["+ buf +"] 发送源:["+ src_ip +":"+ src_port+"]"

# Step4：处理请求数据，验证更新key，录入更新任务，返回处理结果

oscmd(buf)

except (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit):

print "链接错误，请检查！"

raise Exception

socket多线程，同时并发处理多个请求。加入了python多线程而已

def handle_connection(conn,addr)

def main():

# socket.AF_INET 用于服务器与服务器之间的网络通信

# socket.SOCK_STREAM 基于TCP的流式socket通信

serversocket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

# 设置端口可复用，保证我们每次Ctrl C之后，快速再次重启

serversocket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)

serversocket.bind(('192.168.2.221', 10089))

# 可参考：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2444459/python-sock-listen

serversocket.listen(5)

try:

while True:

conn,addr = serversocket.accept()

t = threading.Thread(target=handle_connection, args=(conn,addr))

t.start()

finally:

serversocket.close()

web接口客户端与服务端实例、服务端支持GET与POST请求

get请求

curl 192.168.11.xx:1009/api

post请求(json格式)

curl localhost:9999/api/daizhige/article -X POST -H "Content-Type:application/json" -d '"title":"comewords","content":"articleContent"'

#!/usr/bin/python

#encoding=utf-8

'''

基于BaseHTTPServer的http server实现，包括get，post方法，get参数接收，post参数接收。

'''

from BaseHTTPServer import BaseHTTPRequestHandler, HTTPServer

import io,shutil

import urllib

import os, sys

import commands

class MyRequestHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):

def do_GET(self):

mpath,margs=urllib.splitquery(self.path)

self.do_action(mpath,margs)

def do_POST(self):

mpath,margs=urllib.splitquery(self.path)

datas = self.rfile.read(int(self.headers['content-length']))

self.do_action(mpath, datas)

def do_action(self,args):

self.outputtxt( args )

def outputtxt(self, content):

#指定返回编码

enc = "UTF-8"

content = content.encode(enc)

f = io.BytesIO()

f.write(content)

f.seek(0)

self.send_response(200)

self.send_header("Content-type", "text/html; charset=%s" % enc)

self.send_header("Content-Length", str(len(content)))

self.end_headers()

shutil.copyfileobj(f,self.wfile)

def main():

try:

server = HTTPServer(('192.168.xx.219',1009),MyRequestHandler)

print 'welcome to websocket'

server.serve_forever()

except KeyboardInterrupt:

print 'shutting down server'

server.socket.close()

if __name__ == '__main__':

main()