一，微信的openid

为了识别用户，每个用户针对每个公众号会产生一个安全的OpenID，如果需要在多公众号、移动应用之间做用户共通，则需前往微信开放平台，将这些公众号和应用绑定到一个开放平台账号下，绑定后，一个用户虽然对多个公众号和应用有多个不同的OpenID，但他对所有这些同一开放平台账号下的公众号和应用，只有一个UnionID.
简单点说:你在每个公众号或者小程序都是在这个小程序或者这个公众号下会有一个openid 你去别的公众号或者小程序这个是会改变的但是unionid是不管你在哪个小程序或者公众号是唯一不变的。
微信官方提供了了一个可以通过用户的openid来获取用户信息，前提是用户必须关注了你的公众号，这个就先不说了吧，现在我们要说的问题是如何获取openid

二，小程序获取openid

/**
 * 微信小程序获取openid
 * 
 */
public class GetOpenIDUtil {
    // 网页授权接口
//    public final static String GetPageAccessTokenUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?appid=APPID&secret=SECRET&code=CODE&grant_type=authorization_code";//
//    public final static String GetPageAccessTokenUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/jscode2session?appid=APPID&secret=SECRET&js_code=CODE&grant_type=authorization_code";
    public final static String GetPageAccessTokenUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/jscode2session?appid=APPID&secret=SECRET&js_code=CODE&grant_type=authorization_code";
    public  static Map<String,Object> oauth2GetOpenid(String appid,String code,String appsecret) {
        String requestUrl = GetPageAccessTokenUrl.replace("APPID", appid).replace("SECRET", appsecret).replace("CODE", code);  
        HttpClient client = null;  
        Map<String,Object> result =new HashMap<String,Object>();  
        try {     
            client = new DefaultHttpClient();  
            HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(requestUrl);  
            ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();  
            String response = client.execute(httpget, responseHandler);  
            JSONObject OpenidJSONO=JSONObject.fromObject(response);
            String openid =String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("openid"));
            String session_key=String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("session_key"));
            String unionid=String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("unionid"));
            String errcode=String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("errcode"));
            String errmsg=String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("errmsg"));

            result.put("openid", openid);
            result.put("sessionKey", session_key);
            result.put("unionid", unionid);
            result.put("errcode", errcode);
            result.put("errmsg", errmsg);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();   
        } finally {  
            client.getConnectionManager().shutdown();  
        }  
        return result;  
    }  
}

/**

* 小程序换取openid

*

* @param code 识别得到用户id必须的一个值得到网页授权凭证和用户id

* @return

*/

@RequestMapping("/get/openid")

public @ResponseBody

Object GetOpenid(String 你的小程序APPID, String code, String 你的小程序秘钥) {

if (code == null || code.length() == 0) {

throw new CustomException("code不能为空!");

}

return GetOpenIDUtil.oauth2GetOpenid(appid, code, appsecret);

}<br>这个code的话我这个一般是前端生成比较好，所以你后台的话，把接口给前端，让他那边传个code，

　三，获取公众号openid

public class HttpGetUtil {
    public static String httpRequestToString(String url,
                                             Map<String,String> params) {
        String result = null;
        try {
            InputStream is = httpRequestToStream(url,  params);
            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is,
                    "UTF-8"));
            StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
            String line = "";
            while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
                buffer.append(line);
            }
            result = buffer.toString();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return null;
        }
        return result;
    }

    private static InputStream httpRequestToStream(String url,
                                                   Map<String, String> params) {
        InputStream is = null;
        try {
            String parameters = "";
            boolean hasParams = false;
            for(String key : params.keySet()){
                String value = null;
                try {
                    value = URLEncoder.encode(params.get(key), "UTF-8");
                } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                parameters += key +"="+ value +"&";
                hasParams = true;
            }
            if(hasParams){
                parameters = parameters.substring(0, parameters.length()-1);
            }


            url += "?"+ parameters;

            URL u = new URL(url);
            HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) u.openConnection();
            conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
            conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "UTF-8");
            conn.setRequestProperty("contentType", "utf-8");
            conn.setConnectTimeout(50000);
            conn.setReadTimeout(50000);
            conn.setDoInput(true);
            //设置请求方式，默认为GET
            conn.setRequestMethod("GET");


            is = conn.getInputStream();
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return is;
    }

    public static String  GetCodeRequest1 = "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=APPID&redirect_uri=REDIRECT_URI&response_type=code&scope=SCOPE&state=STATE#wechat_redirect";
    public static String getCodeRequest(String appid){
        HttpClient client = null;
        String result = null;
        String appId = appid;
        String REDIRECT_URI= "";//回调请求地址
        String SCOPE="snsapi_base";

        GetCodeRequest1  = GetCodeRequest1.replace("APPID", urlEnodeUTF8(appId));
        GetCodeRequest1  = GetCodeRequest1.replace("REDIRECT_URI",urlEnodeUTF8(REDIRECT_URI));
        GetCodeRequest1 = GetCodeRequest1.replace("SCOPE", SCOPE);
        result = GetCodeRequest1;

        System.out.println(REDIRECT_URI);

        return result;
    }
    public static String urlEnodeUTF8(String str){
        String result = str;
        try {
            result = URLEncoder.encode(str,"UTF-8");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return result;
    }
}

@RequestMapping("/get/gzh/openid")
    public @ResponseBody
    String GetGZHOpenid(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {


        String code = request.getParameter("code");//获取code
        Map params = new HashMap();
        params.put("secret", 你的公众号秘钥);
        params.put("appid", 你的公众号APPID);
        params.put("grant_type", "authorization_code");
        params.put("code", code);
        String result = HttpGetUtil.httpRequestToString(
                "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token", params);
        JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(result);

        String openid = jsonObject.get("openid").toString();
        LOGGER.debug("code------" + code);
        LOGGER.debug("得到的openid为:" + openid);
        return openid;

    }

四，通过微信获取的openid来获取用户信息

/**
 * 获取accessToken
 *
 */
public class GetAccessTokenUtil {
    // 网页授权接口
    public final static String GetPageAccessTokenUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=APPID&secret=APPSECRET";
    public static Map<String, String> getAccessToken(String appid, String appsecret) {
        String requestUrl = GetPageAccessTokenUrl.replace("APPID", appid).replace("APPSECRET", appsecret);
        HttpClient client = null;
        Map<String, String> result = new HashMap<String, String>();
        String accessToken = null;
        try {
            client = new DefaultHttpClient();
            HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(requestUrl);
            ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();
            String response = client.execute(httpget, responseHandler);
            JSONObject OpenidJSONO = JSONObject.fromObject(response);
            accessToken = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("access_token"));
            result.put("accessToken", accessToken);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            client.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
        }
        return result;
    }
}

这个是微信官方的获取unionid机制用户信息

public class GetBasicInformation {
    // 网页授权接口
    public final static String GetPageAccessTokenUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/user/info?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&openid=OPENID&lang=zh_CN";

    public static Map<String, String> getAccessToken(String access_token, String openid) {
        String requestUrl = GetPageAccessTokenUrl.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", access_token).replace("OPENID", openid);
        HttpClient client = null;
        Map<String, String> result = new HashMap<String, String>();
        try {
            client = new DefaultHttpClient();
            HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(requestUrl);
            ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();
            String response = client.execute(httpget, responseHandler);
            JSONObject OpenidJSONO = JSONObject.fromObject(response);

//            String accessToken = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("access_token"));
            String subscribe = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("subscribe"));
            String nickname = new String(String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("nickname")).getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
            String sex = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("sex"));
            String language = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("language"));
            String city = new String(String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("city")).getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
            String province = new String(String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("province")).getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
            String country = new String(String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("country")).getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
            String headimgurl = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("headimgurl"));
            String subscribeTime = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("subscribe_time"));
            String unionid = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("unionid"));
//            String openid = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("openid"));
//            result.put("accessToken", accessToken);
            result.put("subscribe", subscribe);
            result.put("nickname", nickname);
            result.put("sex", sex);
            result.put("language", language);
            result.put("city", city);
            result.put("province", province);
            result.put("country", country);
            result.put("headimgurl", headimgurl);
            result.put("subscribeTime", subscribeTime);
            result.put("unionid", unionid);
            
//            System.out.println(accessToken+"==================="+unionid);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            client.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
        }
        return result;
    }
}

/**
     * 微信公众号获取微信unionid和其他个人信息   需要关注公众号
     *
     * @param openid
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/basic/Information")
    public @ResponseBody
    Map basicInformation(String openid) {
        //得到access_token
        String accessToken = GetAccessTokenUtil.getAccessToken(你的公众号APPID, 你的公众号APPID对应的秘钥).get("accessToken");
        LOGGER.debug("accessToken------" + accessToken);
        return GetBasicInformation.getAccessToken(accessToken, openid);
    }

Java微信开发基本数据的获取

一，微信的openid

二，小程序获取openid

三，获取公众号openid

四，通过微信获取的openid来获取用户信息

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　三，获取公众号openid