CentOS 5.4编译安装MySQL(VPS,小内存优化)

xinlugang 2011-12-25

1、安装编译环境

<font face="新宋体">1</font>yum install <font face="新宋体">gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake ncurses-devel&nbsp;</font>

2、下载,解压缩

<font face="新宋体">1</font><font face="新宋体">wget </font><font face="新宋体">http://mysql.mirror.tw/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.45.</font>tar.gz
<font face="新宋体">2</font><font face="新宋体">tar</font> -xzvf mysql-5.1.45.tar.gz

3、编译

<font face="新宋体">1</font>CFLAGS="-O3" <font face="新宋体">CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -felide-constructors \ </font>
<font face="新宋体">2</font><font face="新宋体">-fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure \ </font>
<font face="新宋体">3</font>--prefix=/usr/local/mysql --enable-assembler \
<font face="新宋体">4</font>--with-unix-socket-path=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock \
<font face="新宋体">5</font><font face="新宋体">--with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static \ </font>
<font face="新宋体">6</font><font face="新宋体">--with-client-ldflags=-all-static \ </font>
<font face="新宋体">7</font><font face="新宋体">--with-extra-charsets=all \ </font>
<font face="新宋体">8</font><font face="新宋体">--without-debug --with-charset=utf8 \ </font>
<font face="新宋体">9</font><font face="新宋体">--with-collation=utf8_general_ci \ </font>
<font face="新宋体">10</font>--with-pthread --enable-static \
<font face="新宋体">11</font>--enable-thread-safe-client

完成后会提示"Thank you for choosing MySQL!"

<font face="新宋体">1</font><font face="新宋体">make</font>

最后会提示“make all win…”

<font face="新宋体">1</font><font face="新宋体">make</font> <font face="新宋体">install</font>

4、添加用户,安装数据库

<font face="新宋体">1</font><font face="新宋体">useradd</font> <font face="新宋体">mysql </font>
<font face="新宋体">2</font><font face="新宋体">passwd</font> mysql #设置密码,例如mysql123
<font face="新宋体">3</font>
<font face="新宋体">4</font><font face="新宋体">cd</font> /usr/local/mysql/
<font face="新宋体">5</font><font face="新宋体">chown</font> <font face="新宋体">-R mysql:mysql ./ </font>
<font face="新宋体">6</font>
<font face="新宋体">7</font><font face="新宋体">#安装数据库,添加默认mysql配置 </font>
<font face="新宋体">8</font><font face="新宋体">./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql </font>
<font face="新宋体">9</font><font face="新宋体">cp</font> <font face="新宋体">share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf</font>

4、配置、开机自启动

<font face="新宋体">1</font><font face="新宋体">#经过上述配置后,mysql应该就可以正常启动了 </font>
<font face="新宋体">2</font><font face="新宋体">./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & </font>
<font face="新宋体">3</font>
<font face="新宋体">4</font><font face="新宋体">#下面我们来设置开机启动mysql </font>
<font face="新宋体">5</font>kill掉上述测试进程(一般是两个mysqld_safe是一个shell,它来启动mysqld的daemon)
<font face="新宋体">6</font><font face="新宋体">cp</font> <font face="新宋体">share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld </font>
<font face="新宋体">7</font><font face="新宋体">chkconfig --add mysqld </font>
<font face="新宋体">8</font><font face="新宋体">chkconfig --level 2345 mysqld on </font>
<font face="新宋体">9</font><font face="新宋体">#之后可以用service mysqld start启动,开机会自动启动</font>

5、my.cnf参数调优

<font face="新宋体">1</font><font face="新宋体">vim /etc/my.cnf</font>

6、安全配置

<font face="新宋体">1</font><font face="新宋体">#设置root密码 </font>
<font face="新宋体">2</font><font face="新宋体">mysqladmin -u root password ‘new-password’ </font>
<font face="新宋体">3</font>
<font face="新宋体">4</font><font face="新宋体">#删除test数据库、匿名帐户 </font>
<font face="新宋体">5</font><font face="新宋体">mysql -u root -p </font>
<font face="新宋体">6</font>mysql> DROP DATABASE test;                            [删除test数据库]
<font face="新宋体">7</font>mysql> DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE user = '';        [删除匿名帐户]
<font face="新宋体">8</font><font face="新宋体">mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;                              [重载权限]</font>

7、小内存优化

只要不开InnoDB,my-medium.cnf 一般可以保证很小的内存占用和较高的性能了,具体的MySQL内存优化待续。

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