基于RESTful Web Service 的Jersey框架与Spring完美整合
87214156 2012-06-30
前几天一时兴起,看到一个基于RESTful web Service的很不错的框架 jersey .并且做了一个小小的案例.
说起jersey,应该首先简要的阐述一下REST,REST概念是由加州大学的Roy Fielding 在2000年提出,REST不是一种技术,它是一种开发方式和风格,REST 定义了一组体系架构原则，您可以根据这些原则设计以系统资源为中心的 Web 服务，包括使用不同语言编写的客户端如何通过 HTTP 处理和传输资源状态，也已经普遍地取代了基于 SOAP 和 WSDL 的接口设计。而Jersey是一个REST 很好的轻量级实现框架.
刚听说jersey的时候,我并不是很倾向,因为在此之前基于RESTful的实现框架有很多,比如XFire,Restlet,Resteasy等等,但我还是使用了之后,觉得它与Spring完美集成,让我们在开发中提高了很多小于,也相对的减少非法侵入.
下面我们来搭建一个jersey的web service Project：
我的IDE环境是myeclipse,jre 在jdk1.6上 web 服务器是tomcat 6
一、第一步新建一个web project 。
二、然后将相关的spring jar包导入项目中, spring-core,aop,beans,jdbc,context,asm,orm,web等去官网下载http://www.springsource.org/download/ list 中所有的jar包
三、下载jersey 相关的jar包
四、 导入aopalliance.jar 不然会报错 找不到相关文件，log4j jar 和log4j.properties
五、 创建自己的应用程序
我现在直接写一个helloworld对象 将helloworl 对象通过webservice 访问来返回相关数据格式的数据
package com.jerrys.jerseyrest.entity;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
@XmlRootElement
public class Helloworld implements Serializable {
private String content;
private Map<String, Object> helloMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
public Helloworld() {
helloMap.put("xiaoming", "我是小明:");
helloMap.put("xiaoqiang", "我是小强:");
}
public Object getHelloByName(String name) {
return helloMap.get(name);
}
public String getContent() {
return content;
}
public void setContent(String content) {
this.content = content;
}
public Map<String, Object> getHelloMap() {
return helloMap;
}
public void setHelloMap(Map<String, Object> helloMap) {
this.helloMap = helloMap;
}
} @XmlRootElement 是jax-rs中 提供将对象的属性绑定返回时将已json或者xml等数据返回.
package com.jerrys.jerseyrest.webservice;
import javax.ws.rs.GET;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.Produces;
import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import com.jerrys.jerseyrest.entity.Helloworld;
@Path("/helloService")
public class HelloRestService {
public static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(HelloRestService.class);
/**
* 获取helloworld
*/
@GET
@Path("/hello")
@Produces( { MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON })
public Helloworld getHelloworld() {
Helloworld hi = null;
try {
hi = new Helloworld();
hi.setContent((String) hi.getHelloByName("xiaoqiang"));
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
e.printStackTrace();
}
return hi;
}
} @Path("/helloWervice") 是你访问该HelloRestService 资源的uri 标识对应的url访问路径是: http://localhost:8080/projectName/helloWervice
@Path(/hello) 是 HelloRestService 中getHelloworld()方法上是访问该方法资源的uri标识,对应的url路径是
http://localhost:8080/projectName/helloWervice/hello
我们可以定义该方法是用来获取资源数据的所以我们可以定义成@GET,如果是@PUT那就是更新,@DELETE是删除资源,@POST创建。也可以叠加
@Produces({ MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON }定义了我们返回的数据格式.这边我们直接用的变量,我们也可以直接写"application/xml","application/json","text/html"
当然我们也可以定义参数@PathParam("name") 定义传值的参数
接下来我们来配置Web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<display-name>jax-rs</display-name>
<!-- Helps locate the applicationContext.xml file -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- Configuration for Jersey Web Services starts here -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>jersey</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.sun.jersey.spi.container.servlet.ServletContainer</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>com.sun.jersey.config.property.packages</param-name>
<!-- The package in which the Resource classes located-->
<param-value>com.jerrys.jerseyrest.webservice</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>jersey</servlet-name>
<!--
Enables us to access the WS by pointing your browser to this URL :
http://localhost:8080/any_name/{service-path}
-->
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- Configuration for Jersey Web Services ends here -->
<session-config>
<session-timeout>10</session-timeout>
</session-config>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>加载jersey 和Srping 的servlet
然后在创建 applicationContext.xml 的spring配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd" default-lazy-init="true" > <!-- 使用Annotation(注解)自动注册Bean(自注入) ,并检查@Required,@Autowired的属性已被注入 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.jerrys.jerseyrest"></context:component-scan> <!-- JOTM本地实例 --> <bean id="jotm" class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JotmFactoryBean" /> <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager"> <property name="userTransaction" ref="jotm"></property> </bean> <bean id="jta1Datasource" class="org.enhydra.jdbc.pool.StandardXAPoolDataSource" destroy-method="shutdown"> <property name="dataSrouce"> <bean class="org.enhydra.jdbc.standard.StandardXADataSource" destroy-method="shutdown"> <property name="transactionManager" ref="jotm" /> <property name="driverName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.20:3306/jtatest1" /> </bean> </property> <property name="user" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="zgjf168"></property> </bean> <bean id="jta2Datasource" class="org.enhydra.jdbc.pool.StandardXAPoolDataSource" destroy-method="shutdown"> <property name="dataSrouce"> <bean class="org.enhydra.jdbc.standard.StandardXADataSource" destroy-method="shutdown"> <property name="transactionManager" ref="jotm" /> <property name="driverName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.20:3306/jtatest2" /> </bean> </property> <property name="user" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="zgjf168"></property> </bean> <bean id="jta1Template" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> <property name="datasource" ref="jta1Datasource" /> </bean> <bean id="jta2Template" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> <property name="datasource" ref="jta2Datasource" /> </bean> <!-- 注解事务驱动 --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" proxy-target-class="true" /> </beans>
我在jersey与spring整合同时,我也提到了使用JTA分布式事务 的配置,但这边只是一个案例，仅提供参考,所以没有集成整合Hibernate 所以请包涵.
对于JTA分布式事务 的详细概念 我在这就不一一阐述了.请参见http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-transjta/
功能还待完善,如有不正确的观点,请予以点评.
