nginx 安装方法
张立军的架构之路 2020-09-28
一、yum安装(推荐)
centos7系统库中默认是没有nginx的rpm包的，所以我们自己需要先更新下rpm依赖库
(1)使用yum安装nginx需要包括Nginx的库，安装Nginx的库
#rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm
(2)使用下面命令安装nginx
#yum install nginx
(3)启动Nginx
#service nginx start
或
#systemctl start nginx.service
配置文件在 /etc/nginx/conf.d/
二、手动安装
一、安装准备
首先由于nginx的一些模块依赖一些lib库，所以在安装nginx之前，必须先安装这些lib库，这些依赖库主要有g++、gcc、openssl-devel、pcre-devel和zlib-devel 所以执行如下命令安装
$ yum install gcc-c++
$ yum install pcre pcre-devel
$ yum install zlib zlib-devel
$ yum install openssl openssl--devel
二、安装Nginx
安装之前，最好检查一下是否已经安装有nginx
$ find -name nginx
如果系统已经安装了nginx，那么就先卸载
$ yum remove nginx
首先进入/usr/local目录
$ cd /usr/local
从官网下载最新版的nginx
$ wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.7.4.tar.gz
解压nginx压缩包
$ tar -zxvf nginx-1.7.4.tar.gz
会产生一个nginx-1.7.4 目录，这时进入nginx-1.7.4目录
$ cd nginx-1.7.4
接下来安装，使用--prefix参数指定nginx安装的目录,make、make install安装
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-debug --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_image_filter_module
这里进行解压，如果这里报错提示 ./configure: error: the HTTP image filter module requires the GD library. You can either do not enable the module or install the libraries. 很显然，错误提示非常明显，缺失 GD 库，即使你不安装该模块也可以继续进行安装，但是后续使用 可能会产生错误，这里应该进行解决，安装该模块即可。 你用 yum search GD 命令可以查到缺失的包，然后安装
[centos@localhost nginx-1.16.1]$ yum search GD 已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration Repository contrib is listed more than once in the configuration Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com * webtatic: us-east.repo.webtatic.com ============================================= N/S matched: GD ============================================= compat-libgdata13.i686 : Compat package with libgdata 0.13 libraries compat-libgdata13.x86_64 : Compat package with libgdata 0.13 libraries gd-devel.i686 : The development libraries and header files for gd gd-devel.x86_64 : The development libraries and header files for gd gd-progs.x86_64 : Utility programs that use libgd gdb-doc.noarch : Documentation for GDB (the GNU source-level debugger) gdb-gdbserver.x86_64 : A standalone server for GDB (the GNU source-level debugger) gdbm-devel.i686 : Development libraries and header files for the gdbm library gdbm-devel.x86_64 : Development libraries and header files for the gdbm library gdk-pixbuf2-devel.i686 : Development files for gdk-pixbuf gdk-pixbuf2-devel.x86_64 : Development files for gdk-pixbuf gdk-pixbuf2-tests.x86_64 : Tests for the gdk-pixbuf2 package gdm-devel.i686 : Development files for gdm gdm-devel.x86_64 : Development files for gdm gdm-pam-extensions-devel.i686 : Macros for developing GDM extensions to PAM gdm-pam-extensions-devel.x86_64 : Macros for developing GDM extensions to PAM graphviz-gd.i686 : Graphviz plugin for renderers based on gd graphviz-gd.x86_64 : Graphviz plugin for renderers based on gd gupnp-igd.i686 : Library to handle UPnP IGD port mapping gupnp-igd.x86_64 : Library to handle UPnP IGD port mapping gupnp-igd-devel.i686 : Development files for gupnp-igd gupnp-igd-devel.x86_64 : Development files for gupnp-igd gupnp-igd-python.x86_64 : Python bindings for gupnp-igd libgdata.i686 : Library for the GData protocol libgdata.x86_64 : Library for the GData protocol libgdata-devel.i686 : Development files for libgdata libgdata-devel.x86_64 : Development files for libgdata libgdither-devel.i686 : Development files for libgdither libgdither-devel.x86_64 : Development files for libgdither libreoffice-gdb-debug-support.x86_64 : Additional support for debugging with gdb perl-GD.x86_64 : Perl interface to the GD graphics library perl-GD-Barcode.noarch : Create barcode image with GD php-gd.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications for using the gd graphics library php55w-gd.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications for using the gd graphics library php56w-gd.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications for using the gd graphics library php70w-gd.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications for using the gd graphics library php71w-gd.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications for using the gd graphics library php72w-gd.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications for using the gd graphics library pulseaudio-gdm-hooks.x86_64 : PulseAudio GDM integration relaxngDatatype-javadoc.noarch : API documentation for relaxngDatatype rubygem-bigdecimal.x86_64 : BigDecimal provides arbitrary-precision floating point decimal arithmetic cgdcbxd.x86_64 : DCB network priority management daemon gd.i686 : A graphics library for quick creation of PNG or JPEG images gd.x86_64 : A graphics library for quick creation of PNG or JPEG images gdb.x86_64 : A GNU source-level debugger for C, C++, Fortran, Go and other languages gdbm.i686 : A GNU set of database routines which use extensible hashing gdbm.x86_64 : A GNU set of database routines which use extensible hashing gdisk.x86_64 : An fdisk-like partitioning tool for GPT disks gdk-pixbuf2.i686 : An image loading library gdk-pixbuf2.x86_64 : An image loading library gdm.i686 : The GNOME Display Manager gdm.x86_64 : The GNOME Display Manager hunspell-gd.noarch : Scots Gaelic hunspell dictionaries libgdither.i686 : Library for applying dithering to PCM audio sources libgdither.x86_64 : Library for applying dithering to PCM audio sources relaxngDatatype.noarch : RELAX NG Datatype API swig3-gdb.x86_64 : Commands for easier debugging of SWIG 名称和简介匹配 only，使用“search all”试试。 [centos@localhost nginx-1.16.1]$ # 安装 gd-devel.x86_64 库 [centos@localhost nginx-1.16.1]$ sudo yum install -y gd-devel.x86_64
#用下面的命令执行编译和安装
$ make
$ make install
如果没有报错，顺利完成后，最好看一下nginx的安装目录
$ whereis nginx
安装完毕后，进入安装后目录（/usr/local/nginx）便可以启动或停止它了。
启动 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
重启 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx –s reload
停止 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx –s stop
测试配置文件是否正常 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx –t
强制关闭 pkill nginx
nginx配置文件 /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
好了，现在开始编辑配置文件并执行重启
可能你又会遇到如下情况
[error] open() ＂/usr/local/Nginx/logs/Nginx.pid
解决方法：
[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
使用nginx -c的参数指定nginx.conf文件的位置
[root@localhost nginx]# cd logs/
[root@localhost logs]# ll
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1246 12月 9 18:10 access.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 516 12月 10 15:39 error.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5 12月 10 15:38 nginx.pid
看nginx.pid文件已经有了。
再启动应该没问题了。
此时要注意下，如果你的nginx是1.15以上版本，且你配置了ssl,可能你会遇到这样的警告
[warn] the "ssl" directive is deprecated, use the "listen ... ssl" directive instead
配置文件中 listen443;需要修改为listen443 ssl; 且 把ssl on去掉
