咻咻ing 2020-01-11
参考1:https://www.cnblogs.com/cjsblog/p/12163207.html
将生产环境的流量拷贝到预上线环境或测试环境,这样做有很多好处,比如:
为了实现流量拷贝,Nginx提供了ngx_http_mirror_module模块
首页,设置yum仓库。为此,创建一个文件/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
将以下内容写入文件
[nginx-stable] name=nginx stable repo baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=1 gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key module_hotfixes=true [nginx-mainline] name=nginx mainline repo baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/$releasever/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key module_hotfixes=true
yum install nginx 默认情况下,nginx配置文件是nginx.conf 一般情况下,nginx.conf文件在 /usr/local/nginx/conf 或者 /etc/nginx 或者 /usr/local/etc/nginx 目录下 为了启动nginx,直接在命令行里输入nginx回车即可 # 启动nginx nginx # fast shutdown nginx -s stop # graceful shutdown nginx -s quit # reloading the configuration file nginx -s reload # reopening the log files nginx -s reopen # list of all running nginx processes ps -ax | grep nginx
一旦master进程接收到重新加载配置的信号,它将检查新配置文件的语法是否正确,并尝试应用其中提供的配置。如果成功,master进程将启动新的worker进程,并发送消息给旧的worker进程,要求他们shutdown。否则,master进程将回滚所做的更改,并继续使用旧配置。旧的worker进程在接收到关闭命令后,停止接受新的连接,直到所有之前已经接受的连接全部处理完为止。之后,旧的worker进程退出。
nginx的master进程的进程ID,默认情况下,放在nginx.pid文件中,该文件所在的目录一般是/usr/local/nginx/logs 或者 /var/run
还可以这样停止nginx
kill -s QUIT 3997
初始配置文件长这样:
user nginx; worker_processes 1; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; }
The ngx_http_mirror_module module (1.13.4) implements mirroring of an original request by creating background mirror subrequests. Responses to mirror subrequests are ignored.
我是这样理解的,这里,mirror本意是镜子、镜像,这里可以理解就像一个镜像站点一样,将所有的请求都收集起来,这个镜像就代表了所有真实有效的原始请求。有了这个镜像,后续我们才可能用这个镜像去做一些事情,比如重现一下所有的请求,这就实现了把线上的流程复制到别的地方。
官网给出的示例倒是很简单,如下: location / { mirror /mirror; proxy_pass http://backend; } location = /mirror { internal; proxy_pass http://test_backend$request_uri; } 如果请求体被镜像,那么在创建子请求之前会先读取请求体 location / { mirror /mirror; mirror_request_body off; proxy_pass http://backend; } location = /mirror { internal; proxy_pass http://log_backend; proxy_pass_request_body off; proxy_set_header Content-Length ""; proxy_set_header X-Original-URI $request_uri; }
前面我们安装了Nginx,但是里面没有包含我们所需的ngx_http_mirror_module模块,因此,真正要使用的时候最好还是采用自定义安装,即从源码构建
首先,下载源码 http://nginx.org/en/download.html
接下来,编译安装,例如:
./configure --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx --conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf --pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid --with-http_ssl_module --without-http_limit_req_module --without-http_mirror_module --with-pcre=../pcre-8.43 --with-zlib=../zlib-1.2.11 --add-module=/path/to/ngx_devel_kit --add-module=/path/to/lua-nginx-module make & make install 配置 upstream api.abc.com { server 127.0.0.1:8080; } upstream tapi.abc.com { server 127.0.0.1:8081; } server { listen 80; # 源站点 location /api { proxy_pass http://api.cjs.com; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; # 流量复制 mirror /newapi; mirror /mirror2; mirror /mirror3; # 复制请求体 mirror_request_body on; } # 镜像站点 location /tapi { proxy_pass http://tapi.cjs.com$request_uri; proxy_pass_request_body on; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; } }
Nginx文档 http://nginx.org/en/docs/ http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_mirror_module.html http://nginx.org/en/docs/beginners_guide.html http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html#location http://nginx.org/en/docs/configure.html
第三方模板
http://luajit.org/ https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/ https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/modules/lua/ https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/modules/index.html https://github.com/openresty/lua-nginx-module
#查看进程运行时间 ps -eo pid,user,lstart,etime,cmd | grep nginx #查看已经建立连接的数量 netstat -an | grep ESTABLISHED | wc -l #查看80端口的连接数 netstat -an | grep ":80" | wc -l