易辰Android 2015-01-02
今天要开发过程中要用到AIDL的调用,之前用的eclipse有大量教程,用起来很方便,现在刚换了Android studio,不可否认studio真的很强大,只是很多功能还需要摸索。
AIDL(Android Interface Definition Language)是Android接口定义语言的意思,它可以用于让某个Service与多个应用程序组件之间进行跨进程通信,从而可以实现多个应用程序共享同一个Service的功能。
言归正传,今天的主题是远程Service建立AIDL进行通信,通过一个小demo来展示AIDL在Android studio中的实现:
1. 搭建了一个简单的Service框架,仅包括startService(intent),框架在后面代码中展示出来
2. 然后建立AIDL,通过点击建立AIDL文件,如图
建立好之后,出现AIDL文件如图
但是此时并没有AIDL的java文件产生,其实android studio也是带有自动生成的,只不过需要确认一些信息后才能生成。此时,我们可以在目录 build-->generated-->source-->aidl-->test-->debug下面发现还没有任何文件
此时,打开AndroidManifest.xml,确认package的值,如我这个
关键性的一步,确认aidl文件所在的包名和AndroidMainifest.xml的package名是否一致。如果一致,点击 Build-->Make Project,生成相应的java文件。如果不一致,则改aidl的包名,改成一致,再点击生成,生成效果如图。
则此时就可以在程序中通过AIDL调用远程Service的方法,实现AIDL与远程Service进行通信,代码展示如下。
MainActivity.java
public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {
private MyServiceAIDL myServiceAIDL;
private Intent binderIntent;
private final static boolean create_flag=true;
private final static boolean destory_flag=false;
private final static String TAG="MainActivity";
private ServiceConnection sc = new ServiceConnection() {
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
myServiceAIDL = MyServiceAIDL.Stub.asInterface(service);
try {
//通过AIDL远程调用
Log.d(TAG,"++start download++");
myServiceAIDL.DownLoad();
} catch (RemoteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
Log.d(TAG,"++MainActivity onCreate++");
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
//开启服务
Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainService.class);
startService(intent);
//连接远程Service和Activity
binderIntent = new Intent(this,MainService.class);
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putBoolean("flag",create_flag);
binderIntent.putExtras(bundle);
bindService(binderIntent, sc, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
Log.d(TAG,"++MainActivity onDestroy++");
boolean flag = false;
//暂停服务
Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainService.class);
stopService(intent);
//断开与远程Service的连接
unbindService(sc);
}
}
MainService.java
public class MainService extends Service {
boolean flag;
private final static String TAG = "MainService";
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
Log.d(TAG, "++MainService onDestroy++");
flag = false;
}
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
Log.d(TAG, "++MainService onCreate++");
Notification no = new Notification(R.drawable.ic_launcher, "有通知到来", System.currentTimeMillis());
Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class);
PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, intent, 0);
no.setLatestEventInfo(this, "AIDLDemo", "running", pi);
startForeground(1, no);
}
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
flag = bundle.getBoolean("flag");
System.out.println(flag);
return ms;
}
MyServiceAIDL.Stub ms = new MyServiceAIDL.Stub() {
@Override
public void DownLoad() throws RemoteException {
new Thread(new Runnable() {
int i = 0;
@Override
public void run() {
//未达到线程条件,会一直在后台运行,就算服务已经关闭
while (flag) {
try {
i++;
System.out.println("i的值是" + i);
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println("退出服务");
}
}).start();
}
};
}
AndroidManifest.xml
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
<activity
android:name=".MainActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<service
android:name=".MainService"
android:process=":remote"></service>
</application>
MyServiceAIDL.aidl
// myServiceAIDL.aidl
package com.example.wanghao.aidldemo;
// Declare any non-default types here with import statements
interface MyServiceAIDL {
void DownLoad();
}