jokewinl 2019-07-01
最近遇到了两个Redis相关的问题,趁着清明假期,梳理整理。
1.存入Long类型对象,在代码中使用Long类型接收,结果报类型转换错误。
2.String对象的反序列化问题,直接在Redis服务器上新增一个key-value,而后在代码中get(key)时,报反序列化失败。
Redis的配置如下
Redis中序列化相关的配置,我这里采用的是GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer类型的序列化方式(这种方式会有一个类型转换的坑,下面会提到)
@Configuration @AutoConfigureAfter(RedisAutoConfiguration.class) public class RedisConfiguration { @Bean public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(JedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) { RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>(); redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory); redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer()); redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer()); redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer()); redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer()); redisTemplate.afterPropertiesSet(); return redisTemplate; } }
测试方法如下
@Test public void redisSerializerLong(){ try { Long longValue = 123L; redisLongCache.set("cacheLongValue",longValue); Object cacheValue = redisLongCache.get("cacheLongValue"); Long a = (Long) cacheValue; }catch (ClassCastException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } }
会报类型转换错误java.lang.ClassCastException: java.lang.Integer cannot be cast to java.lang.Long。
为什么类型会变为Integer呢?跟我一起追踪源码,便会发现问题。
1. 在代码的最外层获取redis中key对应的value值
redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
2.在DefaultValueOperations类中的get(Object key)方法
public V get(Object key) { return execute(new ValueDeserializingRedisCallback(key) { @Override protected byte[] inRedis(byte[] rawKey, RedisConnection connection) { return connection.get(rawKey); } }, true); }
3.打断点继续往里跟,RedisTemplate中的execute(RedisCallback<T> action, boolean exposeConnection, boolean pipeline)方法里面,有一行关键代码。
T result = action.doInRedis(connToExpose);
此为获取redis中对应的value值,并对其进行反序列化操作。
4.在抽象类AbstractOperations<K, V>中,定义了反序列化操作,对查询结果result进行反序列化。
public final V doInRedis(RedisConnection connection) { byte[] result = inRedis(rawKey(key), connection); return deserializeValue(result); }
V deserializeValue(byte[] value)反序列化
V deserializeValue(byte[] value) { if (valueSerializer() == null) { return (V) value; } return (V) valueSerializer().deserialize(value); }
5.终于到了具体实现类GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer
public Object deserialize(@Nullable byte[] source) throws SerializationException { return deserialize(source, Object.class); }
实现反序列化方法,注意!这里统一将结果反序列化为Object类型,所以这里便是问题的根源所在,对于数值类型,取出后统一转为Object,导致泛型类型丢失,数值自动转为了Integer类型也就不奇怪了。
public <T> T deserialize(@Nullable byte[] source, Class<T> type) throws SerializationException { Assert.notNull(type, "Deserialization type must not be null! Pleaes provide Object.class to make use of Jackson2 default typing."); if (SerializationUtils.isEmpty(source)) { return null; } try { return mapper.readValue(source, type); } catch (Exception ex) { throw new SerializationException("Could not read JSON: " + ex.getMessage(), ex); } }
测试方法
@Test public void redisSerializerString() { try { String stringValue = "abc"; redisStringCache.set("codeStringValue", stringValue); String cacheValue = redisStringCache.get("codeStringValue"); // 序列化失败 String serverInsert = redisStringCache.get("serverInsertValue"); if (Objects.equals(cacheValue, serverInsert)) { System.out.println("serializer ok"); } else { System.out.println("serializer err"); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
提前在redis服务器上插入一个非Json格式的String对象
直接在Redis服务器上使用set命令新增一对Key-Value,在代码中取出会反序列化失败。
org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.SerializationException: Could not read JSON: Unrecognized token 'abc': was expecting ('true', 'false' or 'null') at [Source: (byte[])"abc"; line: 1, column: 7]; nested exception is com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonParseException: Unrecognized token 'abc': was expecting ('true', 'false' or 'null') at [Source: (byte[])"abc"; line: 1, column: 7] at org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer.deserialize(GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer.java:132) at org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer.deserialize(GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer.java:110) at org.springframework.data.redis.core.AbstractOperations.deserializeValue(AbstractOperations.java:334) at org.springframework.data.redis.core.AbstractOperations$ValueDeserializingRedisCallback.doInRedis(AbstractOperations.java:60) at org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate.execute(RedisTemplate.java:224) at org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate.execute(RedisTemplate.java:184) at org.springframework.data.redis.core.AbstractOperations.execute(AbstractOperations.java:95) at org.springframework.data.redis.core.DefaultValueOperations.get(DefaultValueOperations.java:48)
总结
这个问题是因为,自己在测试的过程中,没有按照代码流程执行,想当然的认为,代码跑出来的结果和自己手动插入的结果是一样的。
在相关的测试验证过程中应该严格的控制变量,不能凭借下意识的决断来操作,谨记软件之事——必作于细!