86344553 2019-06-30
在垃圾短信过滤应用 SMSFilters
中,需要使用 Jieba
分词库来対短信进行分词,然后使用 TF-IDF
来进行处理` 分词库是 C++ 写的,这就意味着需要在Swift中集成 C++ 库。
在官方文档 "Using Swift with Cocoa and Objective-C" 中,Apple只是介绍了怎么将 Swift 代码跟 Objective-C 代码做整合,但是没有提C++,后来在官方文档中看到了这样一段话:
You cannot import C++ code directly into Swift. Instead, create an Objective-C or C wrapper for C++ code.
也就是不能直接导入 C++ 代码,但是可以使用 Objective-C 或者 C 对 C++ 进行封装。所以项目中使用 Objective-C 做封装,然后在 Swift 中调用,下面就是这个过程的实践,Demo 代码见 SwiftJiebaDemo。
分成三步:
Demo中使用的是"结巴"中文分词的 C++ 版本 yanyiwu/cppjieba。将其中的 include/cppjieba
和依赖 limonp
合并,并加入 dict
中的 hmm_model
和 jiaba.dict
作为基础数据,并暴露 JiebaInit
和 JiebaCut
接口:
// // Segmentor.cpp // iosjieba // // Created by yanyiwu on 14/12/24. // Copyright (c) 2014年 yanyiwu. All rights reserved. // #include "Segmentor.h" #include <iostream> using namespace cppjieba; cppjieba::MixSegment * globalSegmentor; void JiebaInit(const string& dictPath, const string& hmmPath, const string& userDictPath) { if(globalSegmentor == NULL) { globalSegmentor = new MixSegment(dictPath, hmmPath, userDictPath); } cout << __FILE__ << __LINE__ << endl; } void JiebaCut(const string& sentence, vector<string>& words) { assert(globalSegmentor); globalSegmentor->Cut(sentence, words); cout << __FILE__ << __LINE__ << endl; cout << words << endl; }
以及
// // Segmentor.h // iosjieba // // Created by yanyiwu on 14/12/24. // Copyright (c) 2014年 yanyiwu. All rights reserved. // #ifndef __iosjieba__Segmentor__ #define __iosjieba__Segmentor__ #include <stdio.h> #include "cppjieba/MixSegment.hpp" #include <string> #include <vector> extern cppjieba::MixSegment * globalSegmentor; void JiebaInit(const std::string& dictPath, const std::string& hmmPath, const std::string& userDictPath); void JiebaCut(const std::string& sentence, std::vector<std::string>& words); #endif /* defined(__iosjieba__Segmentor__) */
目录如下:
$ tree iosjieba iosjieba ├── Segmentor.cpp ├── Segmentor.h ├── cppjieba │ ├── DictTrie.hpp │ ├── FullSegment.hpp │ ├── HMMModel.hpp │ ├── HMMSegment.hpp │ ├── Jieba.hpp │ ├── KeywordExtractor.hpp │ ├── MPSegment.hpp │ ├── MixSegment.hpp │ ├── PosTagger.hpp │ ├── PreFilter.hpp │ ├── QuerySegment.hpp │ ├── SegmentBase.hpp │ ├── SegmentTagged.hpp │ ├── TextRankExtractor.hpp │ ├── Trie.hpp │ ├── Unicode.hpp │ └── limonp │ ├── ArgvContext.hpp │ ├── BlockingQueue.hpp │ ├── BoundedBlockingQueue.hpp │ ├── BoundedQueue.hpp │ ├── Closure.hpp │ ├── Colors.hpp │ ├── Condition.hpp │ ├── Config.hpp │ ├── FileLock.hpp │ ├── ForcePublic.hpp │ ├── LocalVector.hpp │ ├── Logging.hpp │ ├── Md5.hpp │ ├── MutexLock.hpp │ ├── NonCopyable.hpp │ ├── StdExtension.hpp │ ├── StringUtil.hpp │ ├── Thread.hpp │ └── ThreadPool.hpp └── iosjieba.bundle └── dict ├── hmm_model.utf8 ├── jieba.dict.small.utf8 └── user.dict.utf8
接下来开始在项目中集成。首先创建一个空项目 iOSJiebaDemo
,将 iosjieba
加入项目中。
单页应用 | SwiftJiebaDemo | 添加 SwiftJiebaDemo |
---|---|---|
添加 iosjieba:
见代码: https://github.com/qiwihui/Sw...
这个过程是将 C++ 的接口进行 Objective-C 封装,向 Swift 暴露。这个封装只暴露了 objcJiebaInit
和 objcJiebaCut
两个接口。
// // iosjiebaWrapper.h // SMSFilters // // Created by Qiwihui on 1/14/19. // Copyright © 2019 qiwihui. All rights reserved. // #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> @interface JiebaWrapper : NSObject - (void) objcJiebaInit: (NSString *) dictPath forPath: (NSString *) hmmPath forDictPath: (NSString *) userDictPath; - (void) objcJiebaCut: (NSString *) sentence toWords: (NSMutableArray *) words; @end
// // iosjiebaWrapper.mm // iOSJiebaTest // // Created by Qiwihui on 1/14/19. // Copyright © 2019 Qiwihui. All rights reserved. // #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> #import "iosjiebaWrapper.h" #include "Segmentor.h" @implementation JiebaWrapper - (void) objcJiebaInit: (NSString *) dictPath forPath: (NSString *) hmmPath forDictPath: (NSString *) userDictPath { const char *cDictPath = [dictPath UTF8String]; const char *cHmmPath = [hmmPath UTF8String]; const char *cUserDictPath = [userDictPath UTF8String]; JiebaInit(cDictPath, cHmmPath, cUserDictPath); } - (void) objcJiebaCut: (NSString *) sentence toWords: (NSMutableArray *) words { const char* cSentence = [sentence UTF8String]; std::vector<std::string> wordsList; for (int i = 0; i < [words count];i++) { wordsList.push_back(wordsList[i]); } JiebaCut(cSentence, wordsList); [words removeAllObjects]; std::for_each(wordsList.begin(), wordsList.end(), [&words](std::string str) { id nsstr = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:str.c_str()]; [words addObject:nsstr]; }); } @end
见代码: https://github.com/qiwihui/Sw...
在 Swift 中调用 Objecttive-C 的接口,这个在官方文档和许多博客中都有详细介绍。
{project_name}-Bridging-Header.h
头文件,即 SwiftJiebaDemo_Bridging_Header_h
,引入之前封装的头文件,并在 Targets -> Build Settings -> Objective-C Bridging Header
中设置头文件路径 SwiftJiebaDemo/SwiftJiebaDemo_Bridging_Header_h
。// // SwiftJiebaDemo-Bridging-Header.h // SwiftJiebaDemo // // Created by Qiwihui on 1/15/19. // Copyright © 2019 Qiwihui. All rights reserved. // #ifndef SwiftJiebaDemo_Bridging_Header_h #define SwiftJiebaDemo_Bridging_Header_h #import "iosjiebaWrapper.h" #endif /* SwiftJiebaDemo_Bridging_Header_h */
.m
改为 .mm
: iosjiebaWrapper.m
改为 iosjiebaWrapper.mm
。见代码:https://github.com/qiwihui/Sw...
使用时需要先初始化 Jiaba
分词,然后再进行分词。
class Classifier { init() { let dictPath = Bundle.main.resourcePath!+"/iosjieba.bundle/dict/jieba.dict.small.utf8" let hmmPath = Bundle.main.resourcePath!+"/iosjieba.bundle/dict/hmm_model.utf8" let userDictPath = Bundle.main.resourcePath!+"/iosjieba.bundle/dict/user.dict.utf8" JiebaWrapper().objcJiebaInit(dictPath, forPath: hmmPath, forDictPath: userDictPath); } func tokenize(_ message:String) -> [String] { print("tokenize...") let words = NSMutableArray() JiebaWrapper().objcJiebaCut(message, toWords: words) return words as! [String] } }
控制台输出结果:
可以看到,测试用例 小明硕士毕业于中国科学院计算所,后在日本京都大学深造
经过分词后为〔拼音〕["小明", "硕士", "毕业", "于", "中国科学院", "计算所", ",", "后", "在", "日本", "京都大学", "深造"]
,完成集成。
见代码: https://github.com/qiwihui/Sw...
由于自己对于编译链接原理不了解,以及是 iOS 开发初学,因此上面的这个过程中遇到了很多问题,耗时两周才解决,故将遇到的一些问题记录于此,以便日后。
"cassert" file not found
将 .m
改为 .mm
即可。
compiler not finding <tr1/unordered_map>
设置 C++ Standard Library
为 LLVM libc++
参考: mac c++ compiler not finding <tr1/unordered_map>
warning: include path for stdlibc++ headers not found; pass '-std=libc++' on the command line to use the libc++ standard library instead [-Wstdlibcxx-not-found]
Build Setting -> C++ Standard Library -> libstdc++
修改为 Build Setting -> C++ Standard Library -> libc++
use of unresolved identifier
这个问题在于向项目中加入文件时,Target Membership
设置不正确导致。需要将对于使用到的 Target 都勾上。
相关参考: Understanding The "Use of Unresolved Identifier" Error In Xcode
” 的回答