shilukun 2019-04-06
Oracle中INSTR的用法:
INSTR方法的格式为
INSTR(源字符串, 要查找的字符串, 从第几个字符开始, 要找到第几个匹配的序号)
返回找到的位置,如果找不到则返回0.
例如:INSTR('CORPORATE FLOOR','OR', 3, 2)
中,源字符串为'CORPORATE FLOOR'
, 在字符串中查找'OR',从第三个字符位置开始查找"OR",取第三个字后第2个匹配项的位置。
默认查找顺序为从左到右。当起始位置为负数的时候,从右边开始查找。
所以SELECT INSTR('CORPORATE FLOOR', 'OR', -1, 1) "aaa" FROM DUAL
的显示结果是
Instring
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14
oracle的substr函数的用法:
取得字符串中指定起始位置和长度的字符串 substr( string, start_position, [ length ] )
如:
substr('This is a test', 6, 2) would return 'is' substr('This is a test', 6) would return 'is a test' substr('TechOnTheNet', -3, 3) would return 'Net' substr('TechOnTheNet', -6, 3) would return 'The' select substr('Thisisatest', -4, 2) value from dual
综合应用:
SELECT INSTR('CORPORATE FLOOR', 'OR', -1, 1) "Instring" FROM DUAL --INSTR(源字符串, 目标字符串, 起始位置, 匹配序号) SELECT INSTR('CORPORATE FLOOR','OR', 3, 2) "Instring" FROM DUAL SELECT INSTR('32.8,63.5',',', 1, 1) "Instring" FROM DUAL SELECT SUBSTR('32.8,63.5',INSTR('32.8,63.5',',', 1, 1)+1) "INSTRING" FROM DUAL SELECT SUBSTR('32.8,63.5',1,INSTR('32.8,63.5',',', 1, 1)-1) "INSTRING" FROM DUAL -- CREATED ON 2008-9-26 BY ADMINISTRATOR DECLARE -- LOCAL VARIABLES HERE T VARCHAR2(2000); S VARCHAR2(2000); NUM INTEGER; I INTEGER; POS INTEGER; BEGIN -- TEST STATEMENTS HERE T := '12.3,23.0;45.6,54.2;32.8,63.5;'; SELECT LENGTH(T) - LENGTH(REPLACE(T, ';', '')) INTO NUM FROM DUAL; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('NUM:' || NUM); POS := 0; FOR I IN 1 .. NUM LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('I:' || I); DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('POS:' || POS); DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('==:' || INSTR(T, ';', 1, I)); DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('INSTR:' || SUBSTR(T, POS + 1, INSTR(T, ';', 1, I) - 1)); POS := INSTR(T, ';', 1, I); END LOOP; END; -- Created on 2008-9-26 by ADMINISTRATOR declare -- Local variables here i integer; T VARCHAR2(2000); S VARCHAR2(2000); begin -- Test statements here --历史状态 T := '12.3,23.0;45.6,54.2;32.8,63.5;'; IF (T IS NOT NULL) AND (LENGTH(T) > 0) THEN --T := T || ','; WHILE LENGTH(T) > 0 LOOP --ISTATUSID := 0; S := TRIM(SUBSTR(T, 1, INSTR(T, ';') - 1)); IF LENGTH(S) > 0 THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('LAT:'||SUBSTR('32.8,63.5',1,INSTR('32.8,63.5',',', 1, 1)-1)); DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('LON:'||SUBSTR('32.8,63.5',INSTR('32.8,63.5',',', 1, 1)+1)); -- COMMIT; END IF; T := SUBSTR(T, INSTR(T, ';') + 1); END LOOP; END IF; end;
PS:下面看下Oracle中INSTR、SUBSTR和NVL的用法
INSTR用法:INSTR(源字符串, 要查找的字符串, 从第几个字符开始, 要找到第几个匹配的序号)
返回找到的位置,如果找不到则返回0. 默认查找顺序为从左到右。当起始位置为负数的时候,从右边开始查找。若起始位置为0,返回值为0。
SELECT INSTR('CORPORATE FLOOR', 'OR', 0, 1) FROM DUAL; 返回值为0 SELECT INSTR('CORPORATE FLOOR', 'OR', 2, 1) FROM DUAL; 返回值为2 SELECT INSTR('CORPORATE FLOOR', 'OR', 2, 2) FROM DUAL; 返回值为5 SELECT INSTR('CORPORATE FLOOR', 'OR', -1, 1) FROM DUAL; 返回值为14 SELECT INSTR('CORPORATE FLOOR', 'OR', -5, 1) FROM DUAL; 返回值为5
SUBSTR用法:SUBSTR( 源字符串, 查找起始位置, [ 长度 ] )
返回值为源字符串中指定起始位置和长度的字符串。
SELECT SUBSTR('This is a test', 0, 2) value from dual; 返回值Th SELECT SUBSTR('This is a test', 1, 2) value from dual; 返回值Hi SELECT SUBSTR('This is a test', -1, 2) value from dual; 返回值t SELECT SUBSTR('This is a test', -2, 2) value from dual; 返回值st
NVL用法:NVL(eExpression1, eExpression2)
从两个表达式返回一个非 null 值。如果eExpression1的计算结果为null值,则 NVL( ) 返回eExpression2。如果eExpression1的计算结果不是null值,则返回eExpression1。eExpression1 和eExpression2可以是任意一种数据类型。如果eExpression1与eExpression2 的结果皆为 null值,则NVL( )返回NULL。
SELECT nvl('pos1',null) from dual; 返回值为pos1 SELECT nvl(null,'pos2') from dual; 返回值为pos1 SELECT nvl(null,null) from dual; 返回值为null