SpringBoot 2.X Kotlin系列之JavaMailSender发送邮件

ilovewqf 2019-07-01

SpringBoot 2.X Kotlin系列之JavaMailSender发送邮件

在很多服务中我经常需要用到发送邮件功能,所幸的是SpringBoot可以快速使用的框架spring-boot-starter-mail,只要引入改框架我们可以快速的完成发送邮件功能。

引入mailJar

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>

获取邮件发送服务器配置

在国内用的最多的就是QQ邮件和网易163邮件,这里会简单讲解获取两家服务商的发送邮件配置。

QQ邮箱

等录QQ邮箱,点击设置然后选择账户在下方可以看到POP3/IMAP/SMTP/Exchange/CardDAV/CalDAV服务,然后我们需要把smtp服务开启,开启成功后会得到一个秘钥。如图所示:
SpringBoot 2.X Kotlin系列之JavaMailSender发送邮件
SpringBoot 2.X Kotlin系列之JavaMailSender发送邮件

开启成功需要在application.properties配置文件中加入相应的配置,以下信息部分需要替换为自己的信息,教程结束下面的账号就会被停用

spring.mail.host=smtp.qq.com
[email protected] # 替换为自己的QQ邮箱号
spring.mail.password=owqpkjmqiasnbigc # 替换为自己的秘钥或授权码
spring.mail.port=465
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.auth=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.enable=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.required=true
# sender 
[email protected] # 替换为自己的QQ邮箱号

163邮箱

登录账户然后在设置找到POP3/SMTP/IMAP选项,然后开启smtp服务,具体操作如下图所示,然后修改对应的配置文件

SpringBoot 2.X Kotlin系列之JavaMailSender发送邮件
SpringBoot 2.X Kotlin系列之JavaMailSender发送邮件
SpringBoot 2.X Kotlin系列之JavaMailSender发送邮件

spring.mail.host=smtp.163.com
[email protected] # 替换为自己的163邮箱号
spring.mail.password=owqpkj163MC # 替换为自己的授权码
spring.mail.port=465
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.auth=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.enable=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.required=true
# sender 
[email protected] # 替换为自己的163邮箱号

实现简单发送邮件

这里发送邮件我们主要用到的是JavaMailSender对象,发送简单邮件主要是发送字符串内容,复杂的邮件我们可能会添加附件或者是发送HTML格式的邮件,我们先测试简单的发送,代码如下:

override fun sendSimple(receiver: String, title: String, content: String) {
    logger.info("发送简单邮件服务")
    val message = mailSender.createMimeMessage()
    val helper = MimeMessageHelper(message, true)
    helper.setFrom(sender)
    helper.setTo(receiver)
    helper.setSubject(title)
    helper.setText(content)
    mailSender.send(message)
}

测试代码

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner::class)
@SpringBootTest
class MailServiceImplTest {

    @Autowired lateinit var mailService: MailService

    @Test
    fun sendSimple() {
        mailService.sendSimple("[email protected]", "Hello Kotlin Mail", "SpringBoot Kotlin 专栏学习之JavaMailSender发送邮件")
    }

}

检查邮件是否收到发送的内容
SpringBoot 2.X Kotlin系列之JavaMailSender发送邮件

发送模板邮件

我们这里用的HTML模板引擎是thymeleaf,大家需要引入一下spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>

有个地方需要注意,SpringBoot项目默认静态资源都是放在resources/templates目录下,所以我们编写的HTML模板就需要放在该目录下,具体内容如下:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title th:text="${title}">Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1 th:text="${name}">Demo</h1>
    <h1 th:text="${phone}">xxx</h1>
</body>
</html>

发送模板邮件主要实现代码

override fun sendMail(receiver: String, title: String, o: Any, templateName: String) {
    logger.info("开始发送邮件服务,To:{}", receiver)
    val message = mailSender.createMimeMessage()
    val helper = MimeMessageHelper(message, true)
    helper.setFrom(sender)
    helper.setTo(receiver)
    helper.setSubject(title)

    val context = Context()
    context.setVariable("title", title)
    /*
     * 设置动态数据,这里不建议强转,具体业务需求传入具体的对象
     */
    context.setVariables(o as MutableMap<String, Any>?)
    /*
     * 读取取模板html代码并赋值
     */
    val content = templateEngine.process(templateName, context)
    helper.setText(content, true)

    mailSender.send(message)
    logger.info("邮件发送结束")
}

测试代码

@Test
fun sendMail() {
    val model = HashMap<String, Any>()
    model["name"] = "Tom"
    model["phone"] = "69288888"
    mailService.sendMail("[email protected]", "Kotlin Template Mail", model, "mail")
}

查看邮件我们可以看到如下内容:
SpringBoot 2.X Kotlin系列之JavaMailSender发送邮件

邮件添加附件

附件的添加也是非常容易的,我需要先把发送的附件放在resources/templates目录下,然后在MimeMessageHelper对象中设置相应的属性即可,如下所示:

helper.addAttachment("test.txt", FileSystemResource(File("test.txt")))

完整的代码

package io.intodream.kotlin06.service.impl

import io.intodream.kotlin06.service.MailService
import org.slf4j.Logger
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service
import org.thymeleaf.TemplateEngine
import org.thymeleaf.context.Context
import java.io.File

/**
 * {描述}
 *
 * @author [email protected]
 * @date 2019/4/8 19:19
 *
 */
@Service
class MailServiceImpl @Autowired constructor(private var mailSender: JavaMailSender, private var templateEngine: TemplateEngine) : MailService{

    val logger : Logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MailServiceImpl::class.java)

    @Value("\${email.sender}")
    val sender: String = "[email protected]"

    override fun sendSimple(receiver: String, title: String, content: String) {
        logger.info("发送简单邮件服务")
        val message = mailSender.createMimeMessage()
        val helper = MimeMessageHelper(message, true)
        helper.setFrom(sender)
        helper.setTo(receiver)
        helper.setSubject(title)
        helper.setText(content)
        mailSender.send(message)
    }

    override fun sendMail(receiver: String, title: String, o: Any, templateName: String) {
        logger.info("开始发送邮件服务,To:{}", receiver)
        val message = mailSender.createMimeMessage()
        val helper = MimeMessageHelper(message, true)
        helper.setFrom(sender)
        helper.setTo(receiver)
        helper.setSubject(title)

        val context = Context()
        context.setVariable("title", title)
        /*
         * 设置动态数据,这里不建议强转,具体业务需求传入具体的对象
         */
        context.setVariables(o as MutableMap<String, Any>?)
        /*
         * 添加附件
         */
        helper.addAttachment("test.txt", FileSystemResource(File("test.txt")))
        /*
         * 读取取模板html代码并赋值
         */
        val content = templateEngine.process(templateName, context)
        helper.setText(content, true)

        mailSender.send(message)
        logger.info("邮件发送结束")
    }
}

测试代码

package io.intodream.kotlin06.service.impl

import io.intodream.kotlin06.service.MailService
import org.junit.Test
import org.junit.runner.RunWith
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner

/**
 * {描述}
 *
 * @author [email protected]
 * @date 2019/4/9 18:38
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner::class)
@SpringBootTest
class MailServiceImplTest {

    @Autowired lateinit var mailService: MailService

    @Test
    fun sendSimple() {
        mailService.sendSimple("[email protected]", "Hello Kotlin Mail",
                "SpringBoot Kotlin 专栏学习之JavaMailSender发送邮件")
    }

    @Test
    fun sendMail() {
        val model = HashMap<String, Any>()
        model["name"] = "Tom"
        model["phone"] = "69288888"
        mailService.sendMail("[email protected]", "Kotlin Template Mail", model, "mail")
    }
}

关于Kotlin使用JavaMailSender发送邮件的介绍就到此结束了,如果大家觉得教程有用麻烦点一下赞,如果有错误的地方欢迎指出。

相关推荐

woxmh / 0评论 2020-02-12