Hive学习之路 （二）Hive安装

目录

• Hive的下载
• Hive的安装
  • 1、本人使用MySQL做为Hive的元数据库，所以先安装MySQL。
  • 2、上传Hive安装包
  • 3、解压安装包
  • 4、修改配置文件
  • 5、 一定要记得加入 MySQL 驱动包（mysql-connector-java-5.1.40-bin.jar）该 jar 包放置在 hive 的根路径下的 lib 目录
  • 6、 安装完成，配置环境变量
  • 7、 验证 Hive 安装
  • 8、 初始化元数据库
  • 9、 启动 Hive 客户端
• 基本使用
  • 1、创建一个数据库myhive
  • 2、使用新的数据库myhive
  • 3、查看当前正在使用的数据库
  • 4、在数据库myhive创建一张student表
  • 5、往表中加载数据
  • 6、查询数据
  • 7、查看表结构

[ apps]$ cd apache-hive-2.3.3-bin/
[ apache-hive-2.3.3-bin]$ ls
bin  binary-package-licenses  conf  examples  hcatalog  jdbc  lib  LICENSE  NOTICE  RELEASE_NOTES.txt  scripts
[ apache-hive-2.3.3-bin]$ cd conf/
[ conf]$ ls
beeline-log4j2.properties.template    ivysettings.xml
hive-default.xml.template             llap-cli-log4j2.properties.template
hive-env.sh.template                  llap-daemon-log4j2.properties.template
hive-exec-log4j2.properties.template  parquet-logging.properties
hive-log4j2.properties.template
[ conf]$ pwd
/home/hadoop/apps/apache-hive-2.3.3-bin/conf
[ conf]$

<configuration>
        <property>
                <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
                <value>jdbc:mysql://hadoop1:3306/hivedb?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value>
                <description>JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore</description>
                <!-- 如果 mysql 和 hive 在同一个服务器节点，那么请更改 hadoop02 为 localhost -->
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
                <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
                <description>Driver class name for a JDBC metastore</description>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
                <value>root</value>
                <description>username to use against metastore database</description>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
                <value>root</value>
        <description>password to use against metastore database</description>
        </property>
</configuration>

[ ~]$ hive --help
Usage ./hive <parameters> --service serviceName <service parameters>
Service List: beeline cleardanglingscratchdir cli hbaseimport hbaseschematool help hiveburninclient hiveserver2 hplsql jar lineage llapdump llap llapstatus metastore metatool orcfiledump rcfilecat schemaTool version 
Parameters parsed:
  --auxpath : Auxiliary jars 
  --config : Hive configuration directory
  --service : Starts specific service/component. cli is default
Parameters used:
  HADOOP_HOME or HADOOP_PREFIX : Hadoop install directory
  HIVE_OPT : Hive options
For help on a particular service:
  ./hive --service serviceName --help
Debug help:  ./hive --debug --help
[ ~]$

[ ~]$ schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/hadoop/apps/apache-hive-2.3.3-bin/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.6.2.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory]
Metastore connection URL:     jdbc:mysql://hadoop1:3306/hivedb?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true
Metastore Connection Driver :     com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
Metastore connection User:     root
Starting metastore schema initialization to 2.3.0
Initialization script hive-schema-2.3.0.mysql.sql
Initialization script completed
schemaTool completed
[ ~]$

[ ~]$ hive --service cli
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/hadoop/apps/apache-hive-2.3.3-bin/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.6.2.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory]

Logging initialized using configuration in jar:file:/home/hadoop/apps/apache-hive-2.3.3-bin/lib/hive-common-2.3.3.jar!/hive-log4j2.properties Async: true
Hive-on-MR is deprecated in Hive 2 and may not be available in the future versions. Consider using a different execution engine (i.e. spark, tez) or using Hive 1.X releases.
hive>

95002,刘晨,女,19,IS
95017,王风娟,女,18,IS
95018,王一,女,19,IS
95013,冯伟,男,21,CS
95014,王小丽,女,19,CS
95019,邢小丽,女,19,IS
95020,赵钱,男,21,IS
95003,王敏,女,22,MA
95004,张立,男,19,IS
95012,孙花,女,20,CS
95010,孔小涛,男,19,CS
95005,刘刚,男,18,MA
95006,孙庆,男,23,CS
95007,易思玲,女,19,MA
95008,李娜,女,18,CS
95021,周二,男,17,MA
95022,郑明,男,20,MA
95001,李勇,男,20,CS
95011,包小柏,男,18,MA
95009,梦圆圆,女,18,MA
95015,王君,男,18,MA

hive> select * from student;
OK
   刘晨    女    19    IS
   王风娟    女    18    IS
   王一    女    19    IS
   冯伟    男    21    CS
   王小丽    女    19    CS
   邢小丽    女    19    IS
   赵钱    男    21    IS
   王敏    女    22    MA
   张立    男    19    IS
   孙花    女    20    CS
   孔小涛    男    19    CS
   刘刚    男    18    MA
   孙庆    男    23    CS
   易思玲    女    19    MA
   李娜    女    18    CS
   周二    男    17    MA
   郑明    男    20    MA
   李勇    男    20    CS
   包小柏    男    18    MA
   梦圆圆    女    18    MA
   王君    男    18    MA
Time taken: 2.455 seconds, Fetched: 21 row(s)
hive>

hive> desc student;
OK
id                      int                                         
name                    string                                      
sex                     string                                      
age                     int                                         
department              string                                      
Time taken: 0.102 seconds, Fetched: 5 row(s)
hive>

hive> desc extended student;
OK
id                      int                                         
name                    string                                      
sex                     string                                      
age                     int                                         
department              string                                      
          
Detailed Table Information    Table(tableName:student, dbName:myhive, owner:hadoop, createTime:1522750487, lastAccessTime:0, retention:0, sd:StorageDescriptor(cols:[FieldSchema(name:id, type:int, comment:null), FieldSchema(name:name, type:string, comment:null), FieldSchema(name:sex, type:string, comment:null), FieldSchema(name:age, type:int, comment:null), FieldSchema(name:department, type:string, comment:null)], location:hdfs://myha01/user/hive/warehouse/myhive.db/student, inputFormat:org.apache.hadoop.mapred.TextInputFormat, outputFormat:org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.HiveIgnoreKeyTextOutputFormat, compressed:false, numBuckets:-1, serdeInfo:SerDeInfo(name:null, serializationLib:org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.lazy.LazySimpleSerDe, parameters:{serialization.format=,, field.delim=,}), bucketCols:[], sortCols:[], parameters:{}, skewedInfo:SkewedInfo(skewedColNames:[], skewedColValues:[], skewedColValueLocationMaps:{}), storedAsSubDirectories:false), partitionKeys:[], parameters:{transient_lastDdlTime=1522750695, totalSize=523, numRows=0, rawDataSize=0, numFiles=1}, viewOriginalText:null, viewExpandedText:null, tableType:MANAGED_TABLE, rewriteEnabled:false)    
Time taken: 0.127 seconds, Fetched: 7 row(s)
hive>

hive> desc formatted student;
OK
# col_name                data_type               comment             
          
id                      int                                         
name                    string                                      
sex                     string                                      
age                     int                                         
department              string                                      
          
# Detailed Table Information          
Database:               myhive                   
Owner:                  hadoop                   
CreateTime:             Tue Apr 03 18:14:47 CST 2018     
LastAccessTime:         UNKNOWN                  
Retention:              0                        
Location:               hdfs://myha01/user/hive/warehouse/myhive.db/student     
Table Type:             MANAGED_TABLE            
Table Parameters:          
    numFiles                1                   
    numRows                 0                   
    rawDataSize             0                   
    totalSize               523                 
    transient_lastDdlTime    1522750695          
          
# Storage Information          
SerDe Library:          org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.lazy.LazySimpleSerDe     
InputFormat:            org.apache.hadoop.mapred.TextInputFormat     
OutputFormat:           org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.HiveIgnoreKeyTextOutputFormat     
Compressed:             No                       
Num Buckets:            -1                       
Bucket Columns:         []                       
Sort Columns:           []                       
Storage Desc Params:          
    field.delim             ,                   
    serialization.format    ,                   
Time taken: 0.13 seconds, Fetched: 34 row(s)
hive>