nginx rewrite重写规则与防盗链配置方法教程详解

导读：nginx rewrite重写规则与防盗链配置方法，rewrite规则格式中flag标记的几种形式，盗链时返回403错误，允许的域名直接跟在第二行的域名后面。

nginx rewrite重写规则与防盗链配置方法如下所示：

nginx rewite 规则，官方文档：http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxHttpRewriteModule

nginx rewrite规则格式：rewrite regex replacement flag

flag标记有四种格式：

last C 相当于Apache中的L
break C 中止Rewirte，不在继续匹配
redirect C 返回临时重定向的HTTP状态302，相当于Apache中的R
permanent C 返回永久重定向的HTTP状态301，相当于Apache中的R=301

可以放在server, location 和 if 模块中。

匹配判断：

~ 为区分大小写匹配; !~为区分大小写不匹配
~* 为不区分大小写匹配；!~为不区分大小写不匹配

例如，设定nginx在用户使用ie的使用重定向到/nginx-ie目录下：

if ($http_user_agent ~ MSIE) {
rewrite ^(.*)$ /msie/$1 break;
}

附，常用nginx Rewrite 规则配置代码。

1、只使用一个网址，比如主力网址设为www.xfcodes.com。

if ($host != 'www.xfcodes.com' ) {
rewrite ^/(.*)$ http://www.xfcodes.com/$1 permanent;
}

访问xfcodes.com时，会自动跳转到www.xfcodes.com。

2、防盗链

location ~* .(gif|jpg|png|swf|flv)$ {
valid_referers none blocked xfcodes.com dgjs123.com;
if ($invalid_referer) {
return 403;
}
}

盗链时则返回403错误，允许的域名可以直接跟在第二行的域名后面。

3、WordPress的Rewrite

location / {
index index.html index.php;
if (-f $request_filename/index.html){
rewrite (.*) $1/index.html break;
}
if (-f $request_filename/index.php){
rewrite (.*) $1/index.php;
}
if (!-f $request_filename){
rewrite (.*) /index.php;
}
}

目前，代码收藏上就是使用的这段代码。

4.bo-blog在nginx下nginx rewrite 规则

if (!-e $request_filename) {
rewrite ^/post/([0-9]+)/?([0-9]+)?/?([0-9]+)?/?$ /read.php?entryid=$1&page=$2&part=$3 last;
rewrite ^/page/([0-9]+)/([0-9]+)/?$ /index.php?mode=$1&page=$2 last;
rewrite ^/starred/([0-9]+)/?([0-9]+)?/?$ /star.php?mode=$1&page=$2 last;
rewrite ^/category/([^/]+)/?([0-9]+)?/?([0-9]+)?/?$ /index.php?go=category_$1&mode=$2&page=$3 last;
rewrite ^/archiver/([0-9]+)/([0-9]+)/?([0-9]+)?/?([0-9]+)?/?$ /index.php?go=archive&cm=$1&cy=$2&mode=$3&page=$4 last;
rewrite ^/date/([0-9]+)/([0-9]+)/([0-9]+)/?([0-9]+)?/?([0-9]+)?/?$ /index.php?go=showday_$1-$2-$3&mode=$4&page=$5 last;
rewrite ^/user/([0-9]+)/?$ /view.php?go=user_$1 last;
rewrite ^/tags/([^/]+)/?([0-9]+)?/?([0-9]+)?/?$ /tag.php?tag=$1&mode=$2&page=$3 last;
rewrite ^/component/id/([0-9]+)/?$ /page.php?pageid=$1 last;
rewrite ^/component/([^/]+)/?$ /page.php?pagealias=$1 last;
#Force redirection for old rules
rewrite ^/read\.php/([0-9]+)\.htm$ http://$host/post/$1/ permanent;
rewrite ^/post/([0-9]+)\.htm$ http://$host/post/$1/ permanent;
rewrite ^/post/([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\.htm$ http://$host/post/$1/$2/ permanent;
rewrite ^/post/([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\.htm$ http://$host/post/$1/$2/$3/ permanent;
rewrite ^/index\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\.htm$ http://$host/page/$1/$2/ permanent;
rewrite ^/star\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\.htm$ http://$host/starred/$1/$2/ permanent;
rewrite ^/category\_([0-9]+)\.htm$ http://$host/category/$1/ permanent;
rewrite ^/category\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\.htm$ http://$host/category/$1/$2/$3/ permanent;
rewrite ^/archive\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\.htm$ http://$host/archiver/$1/$2/ permanent;
rewrite ^/archive\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\.htm$ http://$host/archiver/$1/$2/$3/$4/ permanent;
rewrite ^/showday\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\.htm$ http://$host/date/$1/$2/$3/ permanent;
rewrite ^/showday\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\.htm$ http://$host/date/$1/$2/$3/$4/$5/ permanent;
#Filename alias
rewrite ^/([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)/?([0-9]+)?/?([0-9]+)?/?$ /read.php?blogalias=$1&page=$2&part=$3 last;
}