linux vm 添加硬盘

将虚拟机关闭，加载一块硬盘

fdisk -l  发现新加载的硬盘标号是sdc ，也就是第三块硬盘

fdisk /dev/sdc

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

BuildinganewDOSdisklabel.Changeswillremaininmemoryonly,

untilyoudecidetowritethem.Afterthat,ofcourse,theprevious

contentwon'tberecoverable.

Thenumberofcylindersforthisdiskissetto2349.

Thereisnothingwrongwiththat,butthisislargerthan1024,

andcouldincertainsetupscauseproblemswith:

1)softwarethatrunsatboottime(e.g.,oldversionsofLILO)

2)bootingandpartitioningsoftwarefromotherOSs

(e.g.,DOSFDISK,OS/2FDISK)

Warning:invalidflag0x0000ofpartitiontable4willbecorrectedbyw(rite)

Command(mforhelp):m

Commandaction

atoggleabootableflag

beditbsddisklabel

ctogglethedoscompatibilityflag

ddeleteapartition

llistknownpartitiontypes

mprintthismenu

naddanewpartition

ocreateanewemptyDOSpartitiontable

pprintthepartitiontable

qquitwithoutsavingchanges

screateanewemptySundisklabel

tchangeapartition'ssystemid

uchangedisplay/entryunits

vverifythepartitiontable

wwritetabletodiskandexit

xextrafunctionality(expertsonly)

Command(mforhelp):n

Commandaction

eextended

pprimarypartition(1-4)

e

Partitionnumber(1-4):1

Firstcylinder(1-2349,default1):

Usingdefaultvalue1

Lastcylinderor+sizeor+sizeMor+sizeK(1-2349,default2349):

Usingdefaultvalue2349

Command(mforhelp):w

Thepartitiontablehasbeenaltered!

Callingioctl()tore-readpartitiontable.

Syncing disks.

[root@qa~]#mkfs-text3-c/dev/sdc1

mke2fs1.39(29-May-2006)

/dev/sdc1: Invalid argument passed to ext2 library while setting up superblock

这是应为，在创建分区时添加的是扩展分区，扩展分区不能直接format，需要对扩展分区再划分出逻辑分区

主分区,扩展分区,逻辑分区三者有什么不同?什么关系?各用在何处

1.每个硬盘有一个主分区表,其中每项表示一个主分区,定义了硬盘上的一段连续空间,

主分区可以是各种类型的,如fat,linuxext2,fat32,ntfs等等

2.主分区表有一个限制,最多只能有四个.于是就有了扩展分区:

这是一个特殊的主分区,它不能直接使用,而是象一个指针,指向一个扩展分区表.

每个硬盘只能有一个扩展分区.

3.在扩展分区表中定义的分区就叫逻辑分区,它的功能,作用和主分区类似,

但被限制在扩展分区所定义的空间大小范围内.

[root@qa ~]# fdisk /dev/sdc

Thenumberofcylindersforthisdiskissetto2349.

Thereisnothingwrongwiththat,butthisislargerthan1024,

andcouldincertainsetupscauseproblemswith:

1)softwarethatrunsatboottime(e.g.,oldversionsofLILO)

2)bootingandpartitioningsoftwarefromotherOSs

(e.g.,DOSFDISK,OS/2FDISK)

Command(mforhelp):m

Commandaction

atoggleabootableflag

beditbsddisklabel

ctogglethedoscompatibilityflag

ddeleteapartition

llistknownpartitiontypes

mprintthismenu

naddanewpartition

ocreateanewemptyDOSpartitiontable

pprintthepartitiontable

qquitwithoutsavingchanges

screateanewemptySundisklabel

tchangeapartition'ssystemid

uchangedisplay/entryunits

vverifythepartitiontable

wwritetabletodiskandexit

xextrafunctionality(expertsonly)

Command(mforhelp):n

Commandaction

llogical(5orover)

pprimarypartition(1-4)

l5

Firstcylinder(1-2349,default1):

Usingdefaultvalue1

Lastcylinderor+sizeor+sizeMor+sizeK(1-2349,default2349):

Usingdefaultvalue2349

Command(mforhelp):w

Thepartitiontablehasbeenaltered!

Callingioctl()tore-readpartitiontable.

Syncing disks.

扩展分区的逻辑化完成了。

现在format：

[root@qa ~]# mkfs -t ext3  -c /dev/sdc5

mke2fs1.39(29-May-2006)

Couldnotstat/dev/sdc5---Nosuchfileordirectory

Thedeviceapparentlydoesnotexist;didyouspecifyitcorrectly?

[root@qa~]#mkfs-text3-c/dev/sdc5

mke2fs1.39(29-May-2006)

Filesystemlabel=

OStype:Linux

Blocksize=4096(log=2)

Fragmentsize=4096(log=2)

2359296inodes,4717069blocks

235853blocks(5.00%)reservedforthesuperuser

Firstdatablock=0

Maximumfilesystemblocks=0

144blockgroups

32768blockspergroup,32768fragmentspergroup

16384inodespergroup

Superblockbackupsstoredonblocks:

32768,98304,163840,229376,294912,819200,884736,1605632,2654208,

4096000

Checkingforbadblocks(read-onlytest):done

Writinginodetables:done

Creatingjournal(32768blocks):done

Writingsuperblocksandfilesystemaccountinginformation:done

Thisfilesystemwillbeautomaticallycheckedevery29mountsor

180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

挂载

mount /dev/sdc5 /srv

把挂载添加到分区表中，这样系统每次启动的时候就自动挂载这个分区

vi /etc/fstab

添加/dev/sdc5               /srv                    ext3    defaults        0 0

注意：如果被挂载点目录下有资料，所有的资料都会消失