MongoDB学习笔记(三) 在MVC模式下通过Jqgrid表格操作MongoDB数据

黄国渝 2013-07-10

看到下图,是通过Jqgrid实现表格数据的基本增删查改的操作。表格数据增删改是一般企业应用系统开发的常见功能,不过不同的是这个表格数据来源是非关系型的数据库MongoDB。nosql虽然概念新颖,但是MongoDB基本应用实现起来还是比较轻松的,甚至代码比基本的ADO.net访问关系数据源还要简洁。由于其本身的“非关系”的数据存储方式,使得对象关系映射这个环节对于MongoDB来讲显得毫无意义,因此我们也不会对MongoDB引入所谓的“ORM”框架。

下面我们将逐步讲解怎么在MVC模式下将MongoDB数据读取,并展示在前台Jqgrid表格上。这个“简易系统”的基本设计思想是这样的:我们在视图层展示表格,Jqgrid相关Js逻辑全部放在一个Js文件中,控制层实现了“增删查改”四个业务,MongoDB的基本数据访问放在了模型层实现。下面我们一步步实现。

一、实现视图层Jqgrid表格逻辑

首先,我们新建一个MVC空白项目,添加好jQuery、jQueryUI、Jqgrid的前端框架代码:
  然后在Views的Home文件夹下新建视图“Index.aspx”,在视图的body标签中添加如下HTML代码:

代码如下:

<div> 
    <table id="table1"> 
    </table> 
    <div id="div1"> 
    </div> 
</div>

接着新建Scripts\Home文件夹,在该目录新建“Index.js”文件,并再视图中引用,代码如下:

代码如下:

jQuery(document).ready(function () { 

    //jqGrid初始化 
    jQuery("#table1").jqGrid({ 
        url: '/Home/UserList', 
        datatype: 'json', 
        mtype: 'POST', 
        colNames: ['登录名', '姓名', '年龄', '手机号', '邮箱地址', '操作'], 
        colModel: [ 
             { name: 'UserId', index: 'UserId', width: 180, editable: true }, 
             { name: 'UserName', index: 'UserName', width: 200, editable: true }, 
             { name: 'Age', index: 'Age', width: 150, editable: true }, 
             { name: 'Tel', index: 'Tel', width: 150, editable: true }, 
             { name: 'Email', index: 'Email', width: 150, editable: true }, 
             { name: 'Edit', index: 'Edit', width: 150, editable: false, align: 'center' } 
             ], 
        pager: '#div1', 
        postData: {}, 
        rowNum: 5, 
        rowList: [5, 10, 20], 
        sortable: true, 
        caption: '用户信息管理', 
        hidegrid: false, 
        rownumbers: true, 
        viewrecords: true
    }).navGrid('#div1', { edit: false, add: false, del: false }) 
            .navButtonAdd('#div1', { 
                caption: "编辑", 
                buttonicon: "ui-icon-add", 
                onClickButton: function () { 
                    var id = $("#table1").getGridParam("selrow"); 
                    if (id == null) { 
                        alert("请选择行!"); 
                        return; 
                    } 
                    if (id == "newId") return; 
                    $("#table1").editRow(id); 
                    $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_UserId").attr("readonly","readOnly"); 
                    $("#table1").setCell(id, "Edit", "<input id='Button1' type='button' value='提交' onclick='Update(\"" + id + "\")' /><input id='Button2' type='button' value='取消' onclick='Cancel(\"" + id + "\")' />"); 
                } 
            }).navButtonAdd('#div1', { 
                caption: "删除", 
                buttonicon: "ui-icon-del", 
                onClickButton: function () { 
                    var id = $("#table1").getGridParam("selrow"); 
                    if (id == null) { 
                        alert("请选择行!"); 
                        return; 
                    } 
                    Delete(id); 
                } 
            }).navButtonAdd('#div1', { 
                caption: "新增", 
                buttonicon: "ui-icon-add", 
                onClickButton: function () { 
                    $("#table1").addRowData("newId", -1); 
                    $("#table1").editRow("newId"); 
                    $("#table1").setCell("newId", "Edit", "<input id='Button1' type='button' value='提交' onclick='Add()' /><input id='Button2' type='button' value='取消' onclick='Cancel(\"newId\")' />"); 
                } 
            }); 
}); 

//取消编辑状态 
function Cancel(id) { 
    if (id == "newId") $("#table1").delRowData("newId"); 
    else $("#table1").restoreRow(id); 
} 

//向后台ajax请求新增数据 
function Add() { 
    var UserId = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_UserId").val(); 
    var UserName = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_UserName").val(); 
    var Age = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_Age").val(); 
    var Tel = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_Tel").val(); 
    var Email = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_Email").val(); 

    $.ajax({ 
        type: "POST", 
        url: "/Home/Add", 
        data: "UserId=" + UserId + "&UserName=" + UserName + "&Age=" + Age + "&Tel=" + Tel + "&Email=" + Email, 
        success: function (msg) { 
            alert("新增数据: " + msg); 
            $("#table1").trigger("reloadGrid"); 
        } 
    }); 
} 

//向后台ajax请求更新数据 
function Update(id) { 
    var UserId = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_UserId").val(); 
    var UserName = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_UserName").val(); 
    var Age = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_Age").val(); 
    var Tel = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_Tel").val(); 
    var Email = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_Email").val(); 

    $.ajax({ 
        type: "POST", 
        url: "/Home/Update", 
        data: "UserId=" + UserId + "&UserName=" + UserName + "&Age=" + Age + "&Tel=" + Tel + "&Email=" + Email, 
        success: function (msg) { 
            alert("修改数据: " + msg); 
            $("#table1").trigger("reloadGrid"); 
        } 
    }); 
} 

//向后台ajax请求删除数据 
function Delete(id) { 
    var UserId = $("#table1").getCell(id, "UserId"); 
    $.ajax({ 
        type: "POST", 
        url: "/Home/Delete", 
        data: "UserId=" + UserId, 
        success: function (msg) { 
            alert("删除数据: " + msg); 
            $("#table1").trigger("reloadGrid"); 
        } 
    }); 
}

二、实现控制层业务

在Controllers目录下新建控制器“HomeController.cs”,Index.js中产生了四个ajax请求,对应控制层也有四个业务方法。HomeController代码如下:

代码如下:

public class HomeController : Controller 
{ 
    UserModel userModel = new UserModel(); 
    public ActionResult Index() 
    { 
        return View(); 
    } 

    /// <summary> 
    /// 获取全部用户列表,通过json将数据提供给jqGrid 
    /// </summary> 
    public JsonResult UserList(string sord, string sidx, string rows, string page) 
    { 
        var list = userModel.FindAll(); 
        int i = 0; 
        var query = from u in list 
                    select new
                    { 
                        id = i++, 
                        cell = new string[]{ 
                            u["UserId"].ToString(), 
                            u["UserName"].ToString(), 
                            u["Age"].ToString(), 
                            u["Tel"].ToString(), 
                            u["Email"].ToString(), 
                            "-"
                        } 
                    }; 

        var data = new
        { 
            total = query.Count() / Convert.ToInt32(rows) + 1, 
            page = Convert.ToInt32(page), 
            records = query.Count(), 
            rows = query.Skip(Convert.ToInt32(rows) * (Convert.ToInt32(page) - 1)).Take(Convert.ToInt32(rows)) 
        }; 

        return Json(data, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet); 
    } 

    /// <summary> 
    /// 响应Js的“Add”ajax请求,执行添加用户操作 
    /// </summary> 
    public ContentResult Add(string UserId, string UserName, int Age, string Tel, string Email) 
    { 
        Document doc = new Document(); 
        doc["UserId"] = UserId; 
        doc["UserName"] = UserName; 
        doc["Age"] = Age; 
        doc["Tel"] = Tel; 
        doc["Email"] = Email; 

        try
        { 
            userModel.Add(doc); 
            return Content("添加成功"); 
        } 
        catch
        { 
            return Content("添加失败"); 
        } 
    } 

    /// <summary> 
    /// 响应Js的“Delete”ajax请求,执行删除用户操作 
    /// </summary> 
    public ContentResult Delete(string UserId) 
    { 
        try
        { 
            userModel.Delete(UserId); 
            return Content("删除成功"); 
        } 
        catch
        { 
            return Content("删除失败"); 
        } 
    } 

    /// <summary> 
    /// 响应Js的“Update”ajax请求,执行更新用户操作 
    /// </summary> 
    public ContentResult Update(string UserId, string UserName, int Age, string Tel, string Email) 
    { 
        Document doc = new Document(); 
        doc["UserId"] = UserId; 
        doc["UserName"] = UserName; 
        doc["Age"] = Age; 
        doc["Tel"] = Tel; 
        doc["Email"] = Email; 
        try
        { 
            userModel.Update(doc); 
            return Content("修改成功"); 
        } 
        catch
        { 
            return Content("修改失败"); 
        } 
    } 
}

三、实现模型层数据访问

最后,我们在Models新建一个Home文件夹,添加模型“UserModel.cs”,实现MongoDB数据库访问代码如下:

代码如下:

public class UserModel 
{ 
    //链接字符串(此处三个字段值根据需要可为读配置文件) 
    public string connectionString = "mongodb://localhost"; 
    //数据库名 
    public string databaseName = "myDatabase"; 
    //集合名  
    public string collectionName = "userCollection"; 

    private Mongo mongo; 
    private MongoDatabase mongoDatabase; 
    private MongoCollection<Document> mongoCollection; 

    public UserModel() 
    { 
        mongo = new Mongo(connectionString); 
        mongoDatabase = mongo.GetDatabase(databaseName) as MongoDatabase; 
        mongoCollection = mongoDatabase.GetCollection<Document>(collectionName) as MongoCollection<Document>; 
        mongo.Connect(); 
    } 
    ~UserModel() 
    { 
        mongo.Disconnect(); 
    } 

    /// <summary> 
    /// 增加一条用户记录 
    /// </summary> 
    /// <param name="doc"></param> 
    public void Add(Document doc) 
    { 
        mongoCollection.Insert(doc); 
    } 

    /// <summary> 
    /// 删除一条用户记录 
    /// </summary> 
    public void Delete(string UserId) 
    { 
        mongoCollection.Remove(new Document { { "UserId", UserId } }); 
    } 

    /// <summary> 
    /// 更新一条用户记录 
    /// </summary> 
    /// <param name="doc"></param> 
    public void Update(Document doc) 
    { 
        mongoCollection.FindAndModify(doc, new Document { { "UserId", doc["UserId"].ToString() } }); 
    } 

    /// <summary> 
    /// 查找所有用户记录 
    /// </summary> 
    /// <returns></returns> 
    public IEnumerable<Document> FindAll() 
    { 
        return mongoCollection.FindAll().Documents; 
    }  
}

四、小结

代码下载:MongoDB_003.rar

自此为止一个简单MongoDB表格数据操作的功能就实现完毕了,相信读者在看完这篇文章后,差不多都可以轻松实现MongoDB项目的开发应用了。聪明的你一定会比本文做的功能更完善,更好。下篇计划讲解linq的方式访问数据集合。

作者:李盼(Lipan)
出处:[Lipan] (http://www.cnblogs.com/lipan/)

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