静湖微风 2013-02-02
类似于其他高级程序语言,Shell中case语句的作用也是作为多项选择使用,语法如下:
case word in
pattern1)
Statement(s) to be execute if pattern1 matchs
;;
pattern2)
Statement(s) to be execute if pattern2 matchs
;;
pattern3)
Statement(s) to be execute if pattern3 matchs
;;
*)
Default action
;;
esac
有一点域其他高级语言中不太一样的地方,在高级语言中,若每个case后面没有break语句,
则此判断将会遍历所有的case,直至结束;而在shell中,若匹配了某个模式,则执行其中的命令;
执行完后(;;)直接退出此case;若无其他模式匹配输入,则将执行默认处理默认模式(*)部分。
pattern模式不能包含元字符:*、?、[..](类,如[a-z]等)
pattern模式里面可以包含或符号(|),表示多个匹配,如y|Y|yes|YES。
下面是一个简单的例子。
模拟一个计算器,进行+、-、*、/运算
#!/bin/ksh
echo " Calculator"
echo "1.+"
echo "2.-"
echo "3.*"
echo "4./"
echo -n "Enter your choice :"
read I
case $I in
1)
echo "Enter the first number:"
read A
echo "Enter the second number:"
read B
echo "the result is:"
echo " $A + $B " | bc
;;
2)
echo "Enter the second number:"
read A
echo "Enter the second number:"
read B
echo "the result is:"
echo " $A - $B " | bc
;;
3)
echo "Enter the first number:"
read A
echo "Enter the second number:"
read B
echo "the result is:"
echo " $A * $B " | bc
;;
4)
echo "Enter the first number:"
read A
echo "Enter the second number:"
read B
echo "the result is:"
echo " $A / $B " | bc
;;
*)
echo "`basename $0`: a simple calculator"
;;
esac
#EOF
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