如何在 Ubuntu 服务器中配置 AWStats

AWStats 是一个开源的网站分析报告工具，可以生成强大的网站、流媒体、FTP 或邮件服务器的访问统计图。此日志分析器以 CGI 或命令行方式进行工作，并在网页中以图表的形式尽可能的显示你日志中所有的信息。它可以“部分”读取信息文件，以便能够频繁并快速处理大量的日志文件。它支持绝大多数 Web 服务器日志文件格式，包括 Apache，IIS 等。

本文将帮助你在 Ubuntu 上安装配置 AWStats。

安装 AWStats 包

默认情况下，AWStats 的包可以在 Ubuntu 仓库中找到。

可以通过运行下面的命令来安装：

1. <span class="kwd">sudo</span><span class="kwd">apt-get</span><span class="pln"> install awstats</span>

接下来，你需要启用 Apache 的 CGI 模块。

运行以下命令来启动 CGI：

1. <span class="kwd">sudo</span><span class="pln"> a2enmod cgi</span>

现在，重新启动 Apache 以使改变生效。

1. <span class="kwd">sudo</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">etc</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="kwd">init</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">d</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">apache2 restart</span>

配置 AWStats

你需要为你想要查看统计的每个域或网站创建一个配置文件。在这个例子中，我们将为 “test.com” 创建一个配置文件。

要完成此步，你可以通过复制 AWStats 的默认配置文件来配置你要统计的域。

1. <span class="kwd">sudo</span><span class="kwd">cp</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">etc</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">awstats</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">awstats</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">conf </span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">etc</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">awstats</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">awstats</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="kwd">test</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">com</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">conf</span>

现在，你需要在配置文件中做一些修改：

1. <span class="kwd">sudo</span><span class="kwd">nano</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">etc</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">awstats</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">awstats</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="kwd">test</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">com</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">conf</span>

像下面这样修改一下:

1. <span class="com">#</span><span class="typ">Change</span><span class="pln"> to </span><span class="typ">Apache</span><span class="pln"> log </span><span class="kwd">file</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> by </span><span class="kwd">default</span><span class="pln"> it</span><span class="str">'s /var/log/apache2/access.log</span>
2. <span class="str">LogFile="/var/log/apache2/access.log"</span>
3. <span class="str"># Change to the website domain name</span>
4. <span class="str">SiteDomain="test.com"</span>
5. <span class="str">HostAliases="www.test.com localhost 127.0.0.1"</span>
6. <span class="str"># When this parameter is set to 1, AWStats adds a button on report page to allow to "update" statistics from a web browser</span>
7. <span class="str">AllowToUpdateStatsFromBrowser=1</span>

保存并关闭文件。

修改配置文件后，你需要用服务器的当前日志建立初步统计。你可以这样做：

1. <span class="kwd">sudo</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">usr</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">lib</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">cgi</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">bin</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">awstats</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">pl </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">config</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="kwd">test</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">com </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">update</span>

输出会是这个样子:

awtstats

为 Apache 配置 AWStats

接下来，你需要配置 Apache2 来显示统计数据。现在你需要将 “cgi-bin” 文件夹中的内容复制到 Apache 默认根目录下。默认它是在 “/usr/lib/cgi-bin”。

运行以下命令来完成此步:

1. <span class="kwd">sudo</span><span class="kwd">cp</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">r </span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">usr</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">lib</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">cgi</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">bin </span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="kwd">var</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">www</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">html</span><span class="pun">/</span>
2. <span class="kwd">sudo</span><span class="kwd">chown</span><span class="pln"> www</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">data</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln">www</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">data </span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="kwd">var</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">www</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">html</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">cgi</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">bin</span><span class="pun">/</span>
3. <span class="kwd">sudo</span><span class="kwd">chmod</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">R </span><span class="lit">755</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="kwd">var</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">www</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">html</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">cgi</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">bin</span><span class="pun">/</span>

测试 AWStats

现在，您可以通过访问 url “http://your-server-ip/cgi-bin/awstats.pl?config=test.com.” 来查看 AWStats 的页面。

它的页面像下面这样：

awstats_page

设置定时任务来更新日志

建议你创建一个定时任务，使用新创建的日志条目定期更新 AWStats 的数据库，然后统计会定期更新。这也将节省你的时间。

要做到这一点，你需要编辑 “/etc/crontab” 文件:

1. <span class="kwd">sudo</span><span class="kwd">nano</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">etc</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">crontab</span>

添加下面那一行来让 AWStats 每十分钟更新一次。

1. <span class="pun">*</span><span class="str">/10 * * * * root /</span><span class="pln">usr</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">lib</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">cgi</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">bin</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">awstats</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">pl </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">config</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="kwd">test</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">com </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">update</span>

保存并关闭文件。

结论

AWStats 是一个非常有用的工具，可以让你对网站的状况了如指掌，并能协助你分析网站。它非常容易安装和配置。如果你有任何疑问，请在下面发表评论。