CentOS 7下安装Logstash ELK Stack 日志管理系统

一、介绍

The Elastic Stack - 它不是一个软件，而是Elasticsearch，Logstash，Kibana 开源软件的集合，对外是作为一个日志管理系统的开源方案。它可以从任何来源，任何格式进行日志搜索，分析获取数据，并实时进行展示。像盾牌（安全），监护者（警报）和Marvel（监测）一样为你的产品提供更多的可能。

Elasticsearch：搜索，提供分布式全文搜索引擎

Logstash: 日志收集，管理，存储

Kibana ：日志的过滤web 展示
　　Filebeat：监控日志文件、转发

二、测试环境规划图

CentOS 7下安装Logstash ELK Stack 日志管理系统

环境：ip、主机名按照如上规划，系统已经 update. 所有主机时间一致。防火墙测试环境已关闭。下面是这次elk学习的部署安装

目的：通过elk 主机收集监控主要server的系统日志、以及线上应用服务日志。

三、Elasticsearch+Logstash+Kibana的安装（在 elk.test.com 上进行操作）

3.1.基础环境检查

[root@elk ~]# hostname
elk.test.com
[root@elk ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.30.67   elk.test.com
192.168.30.99   rsyslog.test.com
192.168.30.64   nginx.test.com

3.2.软件包

[root@elk ~]# cd elk/
[root@elk elk]# wget -c https://download.elastic.co/elasticsearch/release/org/elasticsearch/distribution/rpm/elasticsearch/2.3.3/elasticsearch-2.3.3.rpm
[root@elk elk]# wget -c https://download.elastic.co/logstash/logstash/packages/CentOS/logstash-2.3.2-1.noarch.rpm
[root@elk elk]# wget https://download.elastic.co/kibana/kibana/kibana-4.5.1-1.x86_64.rpm
[root@elk elk]# wget -c https://download.elastic.co/beats/filebeat/filebeat-1.2.3-x86_64.rpm

3.3.检查

[root@elk elk]# ls
elasticsearch-2.3.3.rpm  filebeat-1.2.3-x86_64.rpm  kibana-4.5.1-1.x86_64.rpm  logstash-2.3.2-1.noarch.rpm

服务器只需要安装e、l、k, 客户端只需要安装filebeat。

3.4.安装elasticsearch，先安装jdk，elk server 需要java 开发环境支持，由于客户端上使用的是filebeat软件，它不依赖java环境，所以不需要安装。

[root@elk elk]# yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk -y
[root@elk elk]# yum localinstall elasticsearch-2.3.3.rpm -y
.....
  Installing : elasticsearch-2.3.3-1.noarch                                                                                             1/1
### NOT starting on installation, please execute the following statements to configure elasticsearch service to start automatically using systemd
 sudo systemctl daemon-reload
 sudo systemctl enable elasticsearch.service
### You can start elasticsearch service by executing
 sudo systemctl start elasticsearch.service
  Verifying  : elasticsearch-2.3.3-1.noarch                                                                                             1/1

Installed:
  elasticsearch.noarch 0:2.3.3-1
[root@elk elk]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@elk elk]# systemctl enable elasticsearch
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/elasticsearch.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/elasticsearch.service.
[root@elk elk]# systemctl start elasticsearch
[root@elk elk]# systemctl status elasticsearch
● elasticsearch.service - Elasticsearch
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/elasticsearch.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Fri 2016-05-20 15:38:35 CST; 12s ago
     Docs: http://www.elastic.co
  Process: 10428 ExecStartPre=/usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/elasticsearch-systemd-pre-exec (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 10430 (java)
   CGroup: /system.slice/elasticsearch.service
           └─10430 /bin/java -Xms256m -Xmx1g -Djava.awt.headless=true -XX:+UseParNewGC -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancy...

May 20 15:38:38 elk.test.com elasticsearch[10430]: [2016-05-20 15:38:38,279][INFO ][env                      ] [James Howlett] heap...[true]
May 20 15:38:38 elk.test.com elasticsearch[10430]: [2016-05-20 15:38:38,279][WARN ][env                      ] [James Howlett] max ...65536]
May 20 15:38:41 elk.test.com elasticsearch[10430]: [2016-05-20 15:38:41,726][INFO ][node                     ] [James Howlett] initialized
May 20 15:38:41 elk.test.com elasticsearch[10430]: [2016-05-20 15:38:41,726][INFO ][node                     ] [James Howlett] starting ...
May 20 15:38:41 elk.test.com elasticsearch[10430]: [2016-05-20 15:38:41,915][INFO ][transport                ] [James Howlett] publ...:9300}
May 20 15:38:41 elk.test.com elasticsearch[10430]: [2016-05-20 15:38:41,920][INFO ][discovery                ] [James Howlett] elas...xx35hw
May 20 15:38:45 elk.test.com elasticsearch[10430]: [2016-05-20 15:38:45,099][INFO ][cluster.service          ] [James Howlett] new_...eived)
May 20 15:38:45 elk.test.com elasticsearch[10430]: [2016-05-20 15:38:45,164][INFO ][gateway                  ] [James Howlett] reco..._state
May 20 15:38:45 elk.test.com elasticsearch[10430]: [2016-05-20 15:38:45,185][INFO ][http                     ] [James Howlett] publ...:9200}
May 20 15:38:45 elk.test.com elasticsearch[10430]: [2016-05-20 15:38:45,185][INFO ][node                     ] [James Howlett] started
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.


 检查服务


[root@elk elk]# rpm -qc elasticsearch
/etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml
/etc/elasticsearch/logging.yml
/etc/init.d/elasticsearch
/etc/sysconfig/elasticsearch
/usr/lib/sysctl.d/elasticsearch.conf
/usr/lib/systemd/system/elasticsearch.service
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/elasticsearch.conf
[root@elk elk]# netstat -nltp | grep java
tcp6       0      0 127.0.0.1:9200          :::*                    LISTEN      10430/java
tcp6       0      0 ::1:9200                :::*                    LISTEN      10430/java
tcp6       0      0 127.0.0.1:9300          :::*                    LISTEN      10430/java
tcp6       0      0 ::1:9300                :::*                    LISTEN      10430/java

修改防火墙，将9200、9300 端口对外开放

[root@elk elk]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port={9200/tcp,9300/tcp}
success
[root@elk elk]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
[root@elk elk]# firewall-cmd  --list-all
public (default, active)
  interfaces: eno16777984 eno33557248
  sources:
  services: dhcpv6-client ssh
  ports: 9200/tcp 9300/tcp
  masquerade: no
  forward-ports:
  icmp-blocks:
  rich rules:

3.5 安装kibana

[root@elk elk]# yum localinstall kibana-4.5.1-1.x86_64.rpm –y
[root@elk elk]# systemctl enable kibana
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kibana.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kibana.service.
[root@elk elk]# systemctl start kibana

[root@elk elk]# systemctl status kibana
● kibana.service - no description given
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/kibana.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Fri 2016-05-20 15:49:02 CST; 20s ago
 Main PID: 11260 (node)
   CGroup: /system.slice/kibana.service
           └─11260 /opt/kibana/bin/../node/bin/node /opt/kibana/bin/../src/cli

May 20 15:49:05 elk.test.com kibana[11260]: {"type":"log","@timestamp":"2016-05-20T07:49:05+00:00","tags":["status","plugin:elasticsearch...
May 20 15:49:05 elk.test.com kibana[11260]: {"type":"log","@timestamp":"2016-05-20T07:49:05+00:00","tags":["status","plugin:kbn_vi...lized"}
May 20 15:49:05 elk.test.com kibana[11260]: {"type":"log","@timestamp":"2016-05-20T07:49:05+00:00","tags":["status","plugin:markdo...lized"}
May 20 15:49:05 elk.test.com kibana[11260]: {"type":"log","@timestamp":"2016-05-20T07:49:05+00:00","tags":["status","plugin:metric...lized"}
May 20 15:49:05 elk.test.com kibana[11260]: {"type":"log","@timestamp":"2016-05-20T07:49:05+00:00","tags":["status","plugin:spyMod...lized"}
May 20 15:49:05 elk.test.com kibana[11260]: {"type":"log","@timestamp":"2016-05-20T07:49:05+00:00","tags":["status","plugin:status...lized"}
May 20 15:49:05 elk.test.com kibana[11260]: {"type":"log","@timestamp":"2016-05-20T07:49:05+00:00","tags":["status","plugin:table_...lized"}
May 20 15:49:05 elk.test.com kibana[11260]: {"type":"log","@timestamp":"2016-05-20T07:49:05+00:00","tags":["listening","info"],"pi...:5601"}
May 20 15:49:10 elk.test.com kibana[11260]: {"type":"log","@timestamp":"2016-05-20T07:49:10+00:00","tags":["status","plugin:elasticsearch...
May 20 15:49:14 elk.test.com kibana[11260]: {"type":"log","@timestamp":"2016-05-20T07:49:14+00:00","tags":["status","plugin:elasti...found"}
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

检查kibana服务运行（Kibana默认进程名：node ，端口5601）

[root@elk elk]# netstat -nltp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      909/sshd
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1595/master
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5601            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      11260/node

修改防火墙，对外开放tcp/5601

[root@elk elk]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=5601/tcp
Success
[root@elk elk]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
[root@elk elk]# firewall-cmd --list-all
public (default, active)
  interfaces: eno16777984 eno33557248
  sources:
  services: dhcpv6-client ssh
  ports: 9200/tcp 9300/tcp 5601/tcp
  masquerade: no
  forward-ports:
  icmp-blocks:
  rich rules:

这时，我们可以打开浏览器，测试访问一下kibana服务器http://192.168.30.67:5601/，确认没有问题，如下图：
CentOS 7下安装Logstash ELK Stack 日志管理系统

在这里，我们可以修改防火墙，将用户访问80端口连接转发到5601上，这样可以直接输入网址不用指定端口了，如下:

[root@elk elk]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-forward-port=port=80:proto=tcp:toport=5601
[root@elk elk]# firewall-cmd --reload
[root@elk elk]# firewall-cmd --list-all
public (default, active)
  interfaces: eno16777984 eno33557248
  sources:
  services: dhcpv6-client ssh
  ports: 9200/tcp 9300/tcp 5601/tcp
  masquerade: no
  forward-ports: port=80:proto=tcp:toport=5601:toaddr=
  icmp-blocks:
  rich rules:

3.6 安装logstash，以及添加配置文件

[root@elk elk]# yum localinstall logstash-2.3.2-1.noarch.rpm –y

生成证书

[root@elk elk]# cd /etc/pki/tls/
[root@elk tls]# ls
cert.pem  certs  misc  openssl.cnf  private

[root@elk tls]# openssl req -subj '/CN=elk.test.com/' -x509 -days 3650 -batch -nodes -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout private/logstash-forwarder.key -out 
certs/logstash-forwarder.crt
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
...................................................................+++
......................................................+++
writing new private key to 'private/logstash-forwarder.key'
-----

之后创建logstash 的配置文件。如下：

[root@elk ~]# cat /etc/logstash/conf.d/01-logstash-initial.conf
input {
  beats {
    port => 5000
    type => "logs"
    ssl => true
    ssl_certificate => "/etc/pki/tls/certs/logstash-forwarder.crt"
    ssl_key => "/etc/pki/tls/private/logstash-forwarder.key"
  }
}

filter {
  if [type] == "syslog-beat" {
    grok {
      match => { "message" => "%{SYSLOGTIMESTAMP:syslog_timestamp} %{SYSLOGHOST:syslog_hostname} %{DATA:syslog_program}(?:\[%{POSINT:syslog_pid}\])?: %{GREEDYDATA:syslog_message}" }
      add_field => [ "received_at", "%{@timestamp}" ]
      add_field => [ "received_from", "%{host}" ]
    }
    geoip {
      source => "clientip"
    }
    syslog_pri {}
    date {
      match => [ "syslog_timestamp", "MMM d HH:mm:ss", "MMM dd HH:mm:ss" ]
    }
  }
}

output {
  elasticsearch { }
  stdout { codec => rubydebug }
}

启动logstash，并检查端口，配置文件里，我们写的是5000端口

[root@elk conf.d]# systemctl start logstash
[root@elk elk]# /sbin/chkconfig logstash on
[root@elk conf.d]# netstat -ntlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      909/sshd
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1595/master
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5601            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      11260/node
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:514             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      618/rsyslogd
tcp6       0      0 :::5000                 :::*                    LISTEN      12819/java
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      1270/mysqld
tcp6       0      0 127.0.0.1:9200          :::*                    LISTEN      10430/java
tcp6       0      0 ::1:9200                :::*                    LISTEN      10430/java
tcp6       0      0 127.0.0.1:9300          :::*                    LISTEN      10430/java
tcp6       0      0 ::1:9300                :::*                    LISTEN      10430/java
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      909/sshd
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      1595/master
tcp6       0      0 :::514                  :::*                    LISTEN      618/rsyslogd

修改防火墙，将5000端口对外开放。

[root@elk ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=5000/tcp
success
[root@elk ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
[root@elk ~]# firewall-cmd --list-all
public (default, active)
  interfaces: eno16777984 eno33557248
  sources:
  services: dhcpv6-client ssh
  ports: 9200/tcp 9300/tcp 5000/tcp 5601/tcp
  masquerade: no
  forward-ports: port=80:proto=tcp:toport=5601:toaddr=
  icmp-blocks:
  rich rules:

3.7 修改elasticsearch 配置文件

查看目录，创建文件夹es-01（名字不是必须的）,logging.yml是自带的，elasticsearch.yml是创建的文件，内如见下：

[root@elk ~]# cd /etc/elasticsearch/
[root@elk elasticsearch]# tree
.
├── es-01
│   ├── elasticsearch.yml
│   └── logging.yml
└── scripts
 


 
[root@elk elasticsearch]# cat es-01/elasticsearch.yml 
----
http:
  port: 9200
network:
  host: elk.test.com
node:
  name: elk.test.com
path:
  data: /etc/elasticsearch/data/es-01

3.8 重启elasticsearch、logstash服务。

3.9 将 fiebeat安装包拷贝到 rsyslog、nginx 客户端上

CentOS 7下安装Logstash ELK Stack 日志管理系统

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