基于Jenkins和Maven实现Docker镜像的CI/CD

这是一篇关于如何实现Docker镜像的持续集成与持续交付的交付文档，产生这份文档的缘由是之前服务过的郑州市某家欠薪公司的及其客户一再打电话给我，希望我能提供一份相关操作文档。在我没有收到赔偿款和正式道歉视频之前，这份文档我不会披露更多细节，但可以在此大概描述一下关于Jenkins、Maven和Docker的部分。
什么是CI？CI全拼是Continuous Integration，译作持续集成，在业务语境中主要针对代码编写人员及测试人员，他们需要不定时地频繁提交代码、测试代码，以便快速发现软件工程中的代码质量问题并进行修复。这部分工作和平台运维没有任何关系，但和软件产品运维有较大关系。
什么是CD？CD全拼是Continuous Deployment或Continuous Delivery，根据协同分工的组织划分不同，CD有不同含义。在规模适当、权责明晰的产品型组织团队中，CD指代Continuous Deployment，意在将软件工程项目灵活部署到任意环境，主要供内部测试团队或尝鲜用户使用。而在规模较小而指责不清晰的管理型组织团队中，CD指代Continuous Delivery，意指将成熟的、定型的软件产品交付给终端使用者，涵盖了软件工程的部署和维保培训。在河南省的IT环境中，CD偏向于指代Continuous Delivery，有时也兼指Continuous Deployment和Continuous Delivery，比如我曾服务过的郑州市某ZY公司，总计职员27人，每个技术人员对应了5个管理人员，号称“人人皆可管理技术”。
该项目的工作流程描述：代码由《开发电脑》提交至《git》；触发《Jenkins》的自动代码编译并构建镜像，而后将镜像推送到《docker》仓库；《测试环境或生产环境》从《docker》仓库中拉取镜像进行《部署》。
项目实施环境：
Host OS：CentOS 7 1804 64Bit
Package：git、JDK、Maven、Tomcat、Jenkins
Role：Git/Registry、 Docker、Jenkins
IP Range：192.168.207.177~192.168.207.180

（一）部署git服务
[ Downloads]$ su root
Password:
[ Downloads]# yum install -y git
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

• base: mirrors.aliyun.com
• extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
• updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
  Package git-1.8.3.1-23.el7_8.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Nothing to do
  [ Downloads]# useradd git
  [ Downloads]# echo git | passwd --stdin git
  Changing password for user git.
  passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
  [ Downloads]# su - git
  [ ~]$ mkdir PomanTeng.git
  [ ~]$ ls -F
  PomanTeng.git/
  [ ~]$ cd PomanTeng.git/
  [ PomanTeng.git]$ git --bare init
  Initialized empty Git repository in /home/git/PomanTeng.git/

（二）部署Docker服务
[ Downloads]$ su root
Password:
[ Downloads]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

• base: mirrors.aliyun.com
• extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
• updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
  Package yum-utils-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch already installed and latest version
  Package device-mapper-persistent-data-0.8.5-2.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Package 7:lvm2-2.02.186-7.el7_8.2.x86_64 already installed and latest version
  Nothing to do
  [ Downloads]# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
  Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
  adding repo from: https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
  grabbing file https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
  repo saved to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
  [ Downloads]# yum install -y docker-ce
  Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
  Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
  .........................................................................................................
  Installed:
  docker-ce.x86_64 3:19.03.12-3.el7

Dependency Installed:
container-selinux.noarch 2:2.119.2-1.911c772.el7_8 containerd.io.x86_64 0:1.2.13-3.2.el7 docker-ce-cli.x86_64 1:19.03.12-3.el7

Complete!
[ Downloads]#
[ Downloads]# curl -sSL https://get.daocloud.io/daotools/set_mirror.sh | sh -s http://bc437cce.m.daocloud.io
docker version >= 1.12
{"registry-mirrors": ["http://bc437cce.m.daocloud.io"]}
Success.
You need to restart docker to take effect: sudo systemctl restart docker
[ Downloads]# systemctl restart docker
[ Downloads]# systemctl enable docker
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
[ Downloads]# systemctl status docker
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2020-08-12 13:56:30 EDT; 1min 23s ago
Docs: https://docs.docker.com
Main PID: 62339 (dockerd)
CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
└─62339 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock

Aug 12 13:56:29 localhost.localdomain dockerd[62339]: time="2020-08-12T13:56:29.641098974-04:00" level=info msg="scheme \"un...=grpc
Aug 12 13:56:29 localhost.localdomain dockerd[62339]: time="2020-08-12T13:56:29.641109314-04:00" level=info msg="ccResolverW...=grpc
Aug 12 13:56:29 localhost.localdomain dockerd[62339]: time="2020-08-12T13:56:29.641143808-04:00" level=info msg="ClientConn ...=grpc
Aug 12 13:56:29 localhost.localdomain dockerd[62339]: time="2020-08-12T13:56:29.707335405-04:00" level=info msg="Loading con...art."
Aug 12 13:56:29 localhost.localdomain dockerd[62339]: time="2020-08-12T13:56:29.980985856-04:00" level=info msg="Default bri...ress"
Aug 12 13:56:30 localhost.localdomain dockerd[62339]: time="2020-08-12T13:56:30.270804237-04:00" level=info msg="Loading con...one."
Aug 12 13:56:30 localhost.localdomain dockerd[62339]: time="2020-08-12T13:56:30.412313489-04:00" level=info msg="Docker daem...03.12
Aug 12 13:56:30 localhost.localdomain dockerd[62339]: time="2020-08-12T13:56:30.412490651-04:00" level=info msg="Daemon has ...tion"
Aug 12 13:56:30 localhost.localdomain dockerd[62339]: time="2020-08-12T13:56:30.430395667-04:00" level=info msg="API listen ...sock"
Aug 12 13:56:30 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Engine.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
[ Downloads]#

（三）部署Maven服务
[ Downloads]# tar -xzvf apache-maven-3.5.4-bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
apache-maven-3.5.4/README.txt
...............................................................................................................................
apache-maven-3.5.4/lib/jansi-1.17.1.jar
[ Downloads]# mv /usr/local/apache-maven-3.5.4/ /usr/local/maven354
[ Downloads]# tree -L 1 /usr/local/maven354/
/usr/local/maven354/
├── bin
├── boot
├── conf
├── lib
├── LICENSE
├── NOTICE
└── README.txt

4 directories, 3 files
[ Downloads]#

（四）部署Jenkins服务

[ Downloads]$ su root
Password:
[ Downloads]#
[ Downloads]# tar -xzvf jdk-8u192-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
jdk1.8.0_192/
......................................................................................................................
jdk1.8.0_192/jre/Welcome.html
jdk1.8.0_192/jre/README
jdk1.8.0_192/README.html
[ Downloads]# mv /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_192/ /usr/local/jdk180192
[ Downloads]# tree -L 1 /usr/local/jdk180192/
/usr/local/jdk180192/
├── bin
├── COPYRIGHT
├── include
├── javafx-src.zip
├── jre
├── lib
├── LICENSE
├── man
├── README.html
├── release
├── src.zip
├── THIRDPARTYLICENSEREADME-JAVAFX.txt
└── THIRDPARTYLICENSEREADME.txt

5 directories, 8 files
[ Downloads]#
（五）部署Tomcat服务
[ Downloads]# tar -xzvf apache-tomcat-8.5.37.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
apache-tomcat-8.5.37/conf/
................................................................................................................................
apache-tomcat-8.5.37/bin/catalina.sh
apache-tomcat-8.5.37/bin/configtest.sh
apache-tomcat-8.5.37/bin/daemon.sh
apache-tomcat-8.5.37/bin/digest.sh
apache-tomcat-8.5.37/bin/setclasspath.sh
apache-tomcat-8.5.37/bin/shutdown.sh
apache-tomcat-8.5.37/bin/startup.sh
apache-tomcat-8.5.37/bin/tool-wrapper.sh
apache-tomcat-8.5.37/bin/version.sh
[ Downloads]# mv /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.37/ /usr/local/tomcat8.5.37
[ Downloads]# tree -L 1 /usr/local/tomcat8.5.37/
/usr/local/tomcat8.5.37/
├── bin
├── BUILDING.txt
├── conf
├── CONTRIBUTING.md
├── lib
├── LICENSE
├── logs
├── NOTICE
├── README.md
├── RELEASE-NOTES
├── RUNNING.txt
├── temp
├── webapps
└── work

7 directories, 7 files
[ Downloads]#

（六）部署Jenkins的Web服务

[ Downloads]# unzip jenkins.war -d /usr/local/tomcat8.5.37/webapps/ROOT
Archive: jenkins.war
.........................................................................................................................................
inflating: /usr/local/tomcat8.5.37/webapps/ROOT/WEB-INF/lib/jenkins-core-2.235.4.jar
[ Downloads]#

（七）安装和配置Jenkins管理项目

[ Downloads]# tail -f /usr/local/tomcat8.5.37/logs/catalina.out
Please use the following password to proceed to installation:

d21d68906c4945d7aea9eb1ad5c86359

This may also be found at: /root/.jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword

---

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