Python系统信息模块psutil

LazyCat 2015-06-16

psutil模块能够获取系统运行的进程和系统利用率。包括:CPU,内存,磁盘,网络等信息。一般用于系统的监控,分析和限制系统资源和进程的管理。

首先下载安装psutil:
wget https://pypi.Python.org/packages/source/p/psutil/psutil-2.0.0.tar.gz
tar zxvf  psutil-2.0.0.tar.gz
cd psutil-2.0.0
python setup.py install

安装出错信息:
error:command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

解决方法:
yum install gcc python-devel -y

一、查看内存总量和使用量
>>>import psutil
>>>mem = psutil.virtual_memory()
>>>mem.total,mem.used
(1968566272L,371720192L)

二、获取系统性能信息

1.cpu信息
2.User Time:执行用户进程的时间百分比
3.System Time:执行内核进程和中断的时间百分比
4.Wait IO 由于IO等待而使CPU处于idle空闲状态的时间百分比
5.Idle,CPU处于idle状态的时间百分比
    我们使用python的psutil.cpu_times()方法可以简单的得到这些信息,同时可以获取CPU的硬件相关信息,比如CPU的物理个数和逻辑个数,例子如下:

>>>psutil.cpu_times()
scputimes(user=7.9100000000000001,nice=0.0, system=13.41, idle=645.64999999999998, iowait=5.1500000000000004,irq=0.33000000000000002, softirq=0.32000000000000001, steal=0.0, guest=0.0)
>>>psutil.cpu_times().user #获取user的cpu时间比
8.0099999999999998
>>>psutil.cpu_count()  #获取cpu的逻辑个数
1
>>>psutil.cpu_count(logical=False) #获取CPU的物理个数
1

#内存信息
>>>mem = psutil.virtual_memory()
>>>mem
svmem(total=1968566272L,available=1779888128L, percent=9.5999999999999996, used=372531200L,free=1596035072L, active=225411072, inactive=77631488, buffers=10407936L,cached=173445120)
>>>mem.total
1968566272L
>>>mem.free
1596035072L
>>>psutil.swap_memory()
sswap(total=2147479552L,used=0L, free=2147479552L, percent=0.0, sin=0, sout=0)
>>>

#磁盘信息
>>>mem = psutil.disk_partitions()
>>>psutil.disk_partitions()
[sdiskpart(device='/dev/sda3',mountpoint='/', fstype='ext4', opts='rw'), sdiskpart(device='/dev/sda1',mountpoint='/boot', fstype='ext4', opts='rw')]
>>>psutil.disk_usage('/')
sdiskusage(total=18682343424,used=2136817664, free=15589699584, percent=11.4)
>>>psutil.disk_io_counters()
sdiskio(read_count=4895,write_count=2763, read_bytes=173164544, write_bytes=44500992, read_time=8461,write_time=12124)
>>>

#网络信息
>>>psutil.net_io_counters()
snetio(bytes_sent=708988,bytes_recv=4904912, packets_sent=4577, packets_recv=5314, errin=0, errout=0,dropin=0, dropout=0)
>>>psutil.net_io_counters(pernic=True)
{'lo':snetio(bytes_sent=0, bytes_recv=0, packets_sent=0, packets_recv=0, errin=0,errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0), 'eth1': snetio(bytes_sent=711716,bytes_recv=4908234, packets_sent=4601, packets_recv=5352, errin=0, errout=0,dropin=0, dropout=0)}

#其他系统信息
>>>psutil.users()
[SUSEr(name='root',terminal='pts/0', host='192.168.1.5', started=1434034432.0)]
>>>psutil.boot_time()
1434034443.0

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