加速一切 - 配置国内镜像 - Linux apt/macOS brew/Docker/Python Conda/Maven

Ubuntu

apt

vim /etc/apt/sources.list

清华源

16.04 LTS

# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

18.04 LTS

# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

18.10

# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ cosmic main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ cosmic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ cosmic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ cosmic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ cosmic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ cosmic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ cosmic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ cosmic-security main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ cosmic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ cosmic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

其他版本详见 https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/ubuntu/

中科大源 https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/help/ubuntu.html

阿里源 https://opsx.alibaba.com/mirror 找到 Ubuntu，点击帮助

网易源 https://mirrors.163.com/.help/ubuntu.html 不全

CentOS

yum

/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

清华源

CentOS 7

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#

[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

CentOS 6

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#

[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

CentOS 5

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#

[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

#packages used/produced in the build but not released
[addons]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Addons
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/addons/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=addons
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

清华源 https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/centos/

中科大 https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/help/centos.html

阿里源 https://opsx.alibaba.com/mirror

Docker

安装

清华源提供 Debian/Ubuntu/Fedora/CentOS/RHEL 的 docker 软件包

Ubuntu

sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io
sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg2 software-properties-common
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
sudo add-apt-repository \
   "deb [arch=amd64] https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu \
   $(lsb_release -cs) \
   stable"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install docker-ce

其他看 https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/docker-ce/

中科大 https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/help/docker-ce.html

Docker Hub

Docker 中国 https://www.docker-cn.com/registry-mirror

中科大

https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/help/dockerhub.html

国内 docker 仓库镜像对比

Linux

对于使用 upstart 的系统（Ubuntu 14.04、Debian 7 Wheezy），在配置文件 /etc/default/docker 中的 DOCKER_OPTS 中配置Hub地址：

DOCKER_OPTS="--registry-mirror=https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/"

重新启动服务:

sudo service docker restart

对于使用 systemd 的系统（Ubuntu 16.04+、Debian 8+、CentOS 7）， 在配置文件 /etc/docker/daemon.json 中加入：

{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/"]
}

重新启动 dockerd：

sudo systemctl restart docker

macOS

打开 “Docker.app”
进入偏好设置页面(快捷键 ⌘, )
打开 “Daemon” 选项卡
在 “Registry mirrors” 中添加 https://docker.mirrors.ustc.e...
点击下方的 “Apply & Restart” 按钮

Windows

在系统右下角托盘 Docker 图标内右键菜单选择 Settings ，打开配置窗口后左侧导航菜单选择 Daemon 。在 Registry mirrors 一栏中填写地址 https://docker.mirrors.ustc.e... ，之后点击 Apply 保存后 Docker 就会重启并应用配置的镜像地址了。

检查 Docker Hub 是否生效
在命令行执行 docker info ，如果从结果中看到了如下内容，说明配置成功。

Registry Mirrors:
    https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/

Anaconda

下载安装

清华 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/archive/

中科大 https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/archive/

Conda

https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/anaconda/

https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/help/anaconda.html

conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/
conda config --set show_channel_urls yes

Homebrew

清华

https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/homebrew/

替换现有上游

cd "$(brew --repo)"
git remote set-url origin https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/brew.git

cd "$(brew --repo)/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core"
git remote set-url origin https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-core.git

brew update

使用homebrew-science或者homebrew-python

cd "$(brew --repo)/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-science"
git remote set-url origin https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-science.git

cd "$(brew --repo)/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-python"
git remote set-url origin https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-python.git

brew update

https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/homebrew-bottles/

该镜像是 Homebrew 二进制预编译包的镜像。本镜像站同时提供 Homebrew 的 formula 索引的镜像（即 brew update 时所更新内容）

临时替换

export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles

长期替换

echo 'export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles' >> ~/.bash_profile
source ~/.bash_profile

中科大

https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/help/brew.git.html

https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/help/homebrew-bottles.html

https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/help/homebrew-core.git.html

https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/help/homebrew-cask.git.html

Maven

~/.m2/settings.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
          <mirrors>
            <mirror>
              <id>alimaven</id>
                <name>aliyun maven</name>
                <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/central</url>
                <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
              </mirror>
          </mirrors>
</settings>

镜像站汇总

• 清华大学开源软件镜像站 - Tsinghua Open Source Mirror
• 中国科学技术大学开源软件镜像
• 淘宝 NPM 镜像
• 网易开源镜像站
• 阿里巴巴开源镜像站
• 搜狐开源镜像站
• Capital Online Mirror Site
• 北京理工大学开源软件镜像站
• 北京交通大学开源软件镜像站
• 兰州大学开源社区镜像站
• 浙江大学开源镜像站
• Northeastern University OpenSource Mirrors
• 华中科技大学开源镜像站
• 重庆大学开源软件镜像站
• 东软信息学院自己的开源镜像站