安装Python到Linux（Pyenv）

运行环境

系统版本：CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)
软件版本：无
硬件要求：无

安装过程

1、安装依赖

[ ~]# yum -y install git gcc zlib-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel readline-devel sqlite sqlite-devel openssl-devel tk-devel libffi-devel

2、从Git存储库中克隆Pyenv

[ ~]# git clone https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv.git ~/.pyenv

3、配置环境变量

[ ~]# vim /etc/profile
# pyenv
export PYENV_ROOT="$HOME/.pyenv"
export PATH=$HOME/.pyenv/bin:$PATH
eval "$(pyenv init -)"
[ ~]# source /etc/profile

4、查看Pyenv版本

[ ~]# pyenv -v
pyenv 1.2.18

5、查看可安装的Python版本

[ ~]# pyenv install --list

6、修改Python安装包下载源为淘宝（永久性修改）

[ ~]# for i in $(grep -r ‘www.python.org‘ ~/.pyenv/*|awk -F ‘:‘ ‘{print $1}‘|grep ‘^/‘);do sed -i ‘s#https://www.python.org/ftp/#https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/#g‘ $i;done

7、安装指定版本的Python

[ ~]# pyenv install 3.6.9

8、修改下载源为淘宝并安装指定版本的Python（临时性修改）

[ ~]# v=3.6.9;wget https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/python/$v/Python-$v.tar.xz -P ~/.pyenv/cache/;pyenv install $v

9、查看Pyenv托管的Python版本列表

[ ~]# pyenv versions
* system (set by /root/.pyenv/version)
  3.6.9

10、切换系统中的Python环境到指定版本

[ ~]# pyenv global 3.6.9
[ ~]# python
Python 3.6.9 (default, Apr  9 2020, 07:01:31) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> exit()

11、卸载指定版本的Python

[ ~]# pyenv uninstall 3.8.0
pyenv: remove /root/.pyenv/versions/3.8.0? yes
[ ~]# pyenv versions
  system
* 3.6.9 (set by /root/.pyenv/version)