LunaZhang 2011-11-11
ApacheClient简介HttpClient 是 Apache Jakarta Common 下的子项目,用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持 HTTP 协议的客户端编程工具包,并且它支持 HTTP 协议最新的版本和建议。HttpClient 已经应用在很多的项目中,比如 Apache Jakarta 上很著名的另外两个开源项目 Cactus 和 HTMLUnit 都使用了 HttpClient。现在HttpClient最新版本为 HttpClient 4.1.
模拟GET请求
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(); //get..........get the login page String getUrl = "http://124.130.149.167:8888/nroa"; HttpGet get = new HttpGet(getUrl); //execute get connection HttpResponse response = client.execute(get); if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()==HttpStatus.SC_OK){ //request success String strResult = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()); }else{ System.out.println("Error code:" +response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()); } 模拟post请求 //post...post the username and password to login String postUrl = "http://124.130.149.167:8888/nroa/checkLogin.do"; HttpPost post = new HttpPost(postUrl); List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); NameValuePair username = new BasicNameValuePair("USER_ID","test"); NameValuePair password = new BasicNameValuePair("PASSWORD","1111"); params.add(username); params.add(password); HttpEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,"GBK"); post.setEntity(entity); response = client.execute(post); if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()==HttpStatus.SC_OK){ //request success String strResult = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()); }else{ System.out.println("Error code:" +response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()); }
常见问题:
1.post后由于页面发生跳转(比如由login.do跳转到main.jsp)
由于技术限制,以及为保证2.0发布版API的稳定,HttpClient还不能自动处重定向,但对重定向到同一主机、同一端口且采用同一协议的情况HttpClient可以支持。不能自动的处理的情况,包括需要人工交互的情况,或超出httpclient的能力。
当服务器重定向指令指到不同的主机时,HttpClient只是简单地将重定向状态码作为应答状态。所有的300到399(包含两端)的返回码,都表示是重定向应答。常见的有:
1.301永久移动.HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_PERMANENTLY
2.302临时移动.HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_TEMPORARILY
3.303SeeOther.HttpStatus.SC_SEE_OTHER
4. 307 临时重定向. HttpStatus.SC_TEMPORARY_REDIRECT解决方案:在请求提交后再执行一次请求(如向login.do提交post请求后,再发送一次到main.jsp的get请求),代码如下:
if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()==HttpStatus.SC_OK){ //request success String strResult = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()); }if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()==HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_TEMPORARILY){ //login success,redirected,get the target url post.abort();//release the post connection 这句很重要 String turl = response.getLastHeader("Location").getValue(); //get to the main page after logining... get = new HttpGet(turl); response = client.execute(get); if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()==HttpStatus.SC_OK){ } }