linux 的make命令
libowenhit 2010-12-21
1.autoscan (autoconf): 扫描源代码以搜寻普通的可移植性问题，比如检查编译器，库，头文件等，生成文件configure.scan,它是configure.ac的一个雏形。
your source files --> [autoscan*] --> [configure.scan] --> configure.ac
2.aclocal(automake):根据已经安装的宏，用户定义宏和acinclude.m4文件中的宏将configure.ac文件所需要的宏集中定义到文件aclocal.m4中。aclocal是一个perl 脚本程序，它的定义是：“aclocal - create aclocal.m4 byscanning configure.ac”user input files optional input process output files
================ ============== ======= ============
acinclude.m4 - - - - -.
V
.-------,
configure.ac ------------------------>|aclocal|
{user macro files} ->| |------> aclocal.m4
`-------'
3.autoheader(autoconf): 根据configure.ac中的某些宏，比如cpp宏定义，运行m4，声称config.h.in
user input files optional input process output files
================ ============== ======= ============
aclocal.m4 - - - - - - - .
|
V
.----------,
configure.ac ----------------------->|autoheader|----> autoconfig.h.in
`----------'4.automake:automake将Makefile.am中定义的结构建立Makefile.in，然后configure脚本将生成的Makefile.in文件转换为Makefile。如果在configure.ac中定义了一些特殊的宏，比如AC_PROG_LIBTOOL，它会调用libtoolize，否则它会自己产生config.guess和config.sub
user input files optional input processes output files
================ ============== ========= ============
.--------,
| | - - -> COPYING
| | - - -> INSTALL
| |------> install-sh
| |------> missing
|automake|------> mkinstalldirs
configure.ac ----------------------->| |
Makefile.am ----------------------->| |------> Makefile.in
| |------> stamp-h.in
.---+ | - - -> config.guess
| | | - - -> config.sub
| `------+-'
| | - - - -> config.guess
|libtoolize| - - - -> config.sub
| |--------> ltmain.sh
| |--------> ltconfig
`----------'5.autoconf:将configure.ac中的宏展开，生成configure脚本。这个过程可能要用到aclocal.m4中定义的宏。
user input files optional input processes output files
================ ============== ========= ============
aclocal.m4 ,autoconfig.h.in - - - - - - -.
V
.--------,
configure.ac ----------------------->|autoconf|------> configure6. ./configure的过程
.------------->[config.cache]configure*--------------------------+------------->config.log|[config.h.in]-.v.-->[autoconfig.h]
+-------> config.status* -+ Makefile.in ---' `--> Makefile7. make过程
[autoconfig.h] -.
+-->make*--->程序
Makefile ---'.---------,
config.site - - ->| |
config.cache - - ->|configure
| - - -> config.cache
| +-,
`-+-------' |
| |----> config.status
config.h.in ------->|config- |----> config.h
Makefile.in ------->| .status|----> Makefile
| |----> stamp-h
| +--,
.-+ | |
| `------+--' |
ltmain.sh ------->|ltconfig|-------> libtool
| | |
`-+------' |
|config.guess|
| config.sub |
`------------'.--------,
Makefile ------>| |
config.h ------>| make
|
{project sources} ---------------->| |--------> {project targets}
.-+ +--,
| `--------' |
| libtool |
| missing |
| install-sh |
|mkinstalldirs|
`-------------'#cd /hello/
(1) 编写源文件hello.c：
#include<stdio.h>
intmain(intargc,char**argv)
{
printf("Hello,GNU!n");
return0;
}[litao@vm0000131 hello]$ ll
total4
-rw-rw-r-- 1 litao litao 68 Aug 12 12:02 hello.c一、autoscan
[litao@vm0000131 hello]$ autoscan
autom4te:configure.ac:nosuchfileordirectory
autoscan:/usr/bin/autom4tefailedwithexitstatus:1
[litao@vm0000131hello]$ll
total8
-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao0Aug1212:03autoscan.log
-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao457Aug1212:03configure.scan
-rw-rw-r-- 1 litao litao 68 Aug 12 12:02 hello.c已经生成了configure.scan，autoscan.log文件
将configure.scan 修改为 configure.in，最后修改的内容如下：
[litao@vm0000131 hello]$ mv configure.scan configure.in
[litao@vm0000131hello]$vimconfigure.in
# -*- Autoconf -*-
#Processthisfilewithautoconftoproduceaconfigurescript.
AC_PREREQ(2.59)
AC_INIT(FULL-PACKAGE-NAME,VERSION,BUG-REPORT-ADDRESS)
AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([hello.c])
#AC_CONFIG_HEADER([config.h])
AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE(hello,1.0)
#Checksforprograms.
AC_PROG_CC
#Checksforlibraries.
#Checksforheaderfiles.
#Checksfortypedefs,structures,andcompilercharacteristics.
#Checksforlibraryfunctions.
AC_OUTPUT(Makefile)二、acloacl
[litao@vm0000131 hello]$ aclocal
生成 aclocal.m4 和 autom4te.cache (生成aclocal.m4的过程中涉及到configure.in)
[litao@vm0000131 hello]$ ll
total44
-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao31120Aug1212:08aclocal.m4
drwxr-xr-x2litaolitao4096Aug1212:08autom4te.cache
-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao0Aug1212:03autoscan.log
-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao496Aug1212:08configure.in
-rw-rw-r-- 1 litao litao 68 Aug 12 12:02 hello.c三、antoconf
[litao@vm0000131 hello]$ autoconf
生成configure(根据configure.in,和aclocal.m4)
[litao@vm0000131hello]$ll
total168
-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao31120Aug1212:08aclocal.m4
drwxr-xr-x2litaolitao4096Aug1212:11autom4te.cache
-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao0Aug1212:03autoscan.log
-rwxrwxr-x1litaolitao122297Aug1212:11configure
-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao496Aug1212:08configure.in
-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao68Aug1212:02hello.c
四、编写Makefile.am：AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS= foreign
bin_PROGRAMS=hello
hello_SOURCES= hello.c五、automake
生成 Makefile.in， depcomp， install-sh， 和 missing (根据 Makefile.am, 和 aclocal.m4)
[litao@vm0000131 hello]$ automake
configure.in:requiredfile`./install-sh'notfound
configure.in:requiredfile`./missing'notfound
Makefile.am:requiredfile`./depcomp'notfound
[litao@vm0000131hello]$automake--add-missing
configure.in:installing`./install-sh'
configure.in:installing`./missing'
Makefile.am:installing`./depcomp'
[litao@vm0000131hello]$ll
total192
-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao31120Aug1212:08aclocal.m4
drwxr-xr-x2litaolitao4096Aug1212:14autom4te.cache
-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao0Aug1212:03autoscan.log
-rwxrwxr-x1litaolitao122297Aug1212:11configure
-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao496Aug1212:08configure.in
lrwxrwxrwx1litaolitao31Aug1212:16depcomp->/usr/share/automake-1.9/depcomp
-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao68Aug1212:02hello.c
lrwxrwxrwx1litaolitao34Aug1212:16install-sh->/usr/share/automake-1.9/install-sh
-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao69Aug1212:15Makefile.am
-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao16561Aug1212:16Makefile.in
lrwxrwxrwx 1 litao litao 31 Aug 12 12:16 missing -> /usr/share/automake-1.9/missing六、configure生成 Makefile， config.log， 和 config.status
转自：http://hi.baidu.com/litaosmile/blog/item/0c5562139fe5ced9f6039ee3.html
