Spring07_纯注解实战及Spring整合Junit

本教程源码请访问：tutorial_demo

在《Spring04_IOC和DI实战》当中，我们使用XML配置的方式结合Apache Commons DbUtils实现单表的CRUD操作，这篇教程我们使用纯注解方式结合Apache Commons DbUtils实现单表的CRUD操作。

一、需求和技术要求

1.1、需求

实现单表的CRUD

1.2、技术要求

1. 使用Spring的IOC实现对象的管理；
2. 使用Spring的DI实现属性的注入；
3. 使用Apache Commons DbUtils进行持久层操作；
4. 使用c3p0数据库连接池。

二、实现过程

2.1、建库建表

DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS springlearn;
CREATE DATABASE springlearn;
USE springlearn;


DROP TABLE IF EXISTS account;
CREATE TABLE account (
  id int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  name varchar(40) DEFAULT NULL,
  money float DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (id)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=8 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

INSERT INTO account VALUES (‘1‘, ‘aaa‘, ‘1000‘);
INSERT INTO account VALUES (‘2‘, ‘bbb‘, ‘1000‘);
INSERT INTO account VALUES (‘3‘, ‘ccc‘, ‘1000‘);
INSERT INTO account VALUES (‘5‘, ‘cc‘, ‘10000‘);
INSERT INTO account VALUES (‘6‘, ‘abc‘, ‘10000‘);
INSERT INTO account VALUES (‘7‘, ‘abc‘, ‘10000‘);

2.2、创建Maven工程并添加相关坐标

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.codeaction</groupId>
    <artifactId>account</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-dbutils</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbutils</artifactId>
            <version>1.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

2.3、编写Account实体类

package org.codeaction.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class Account implements Serializable {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Float money;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Float getMoney() {
        return money;
    }

    public void setMoney(Float money) {
        this.money = money;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Account{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name=‘" + name + ‘\‘‘ +
                ", money=" + money +
                ‘}‘;
    }
}

2.4、编写持久层接口IAccountDao

package org.codeaction.dao;

import org.codeaction.domain.Account;

import java.util.List;

public interface IAccountDao {
    List<Account> findAll();
    Account findById(Integer id);
    void save(Account account);
    void update(Account account);
    void delete(Integer id);
}

2.5、编写持久层实现类IAccountDaoImpl

package org.codeaction.dao.impl;

import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanHandler;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanListHandler;
import org.codeaction.dao.IAccountDao;
import org.codeaction.domain.Account;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;

@Repository("accountDao")
public class AccountDaoImpl implements IAccountDao {
    @Autowired
    private QueryRunner queryRunner;

    public void setQueryRunner(QueryRunner queryRunner) {
        this.queryRunner = queryRunner;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Account> findAll() {
        List<Account> list = null;
        try {
            list = queryRunner.query("select * from account", new BeanListHandler<Account>(Account.class));
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return list;
    }

    @Override
    public Account findById(Integer id) {
        Account account = null;
        try {
            account = queryRunner.query("select * from account where id = ?",
                    new BeanHandler<Account>(Account.class), id);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return account;
    }

    @Override
    public void save(Account account) {
        Object[] params = {account.getName(), account.getMoney()};
        try {
            queryRunner.update("insert into account(name, money) values(?, ?)", params);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void update(Account account) {
        Object[] params = {account.getName(), account.getMoney(), account.getId()};
        try {
            queryRunner.update("update account set name=?, money=? where id=?", params);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void delete(Integer id) {
        Object[] params = {id};
        try {
            queryRunner.update("delete from account where id=?", id);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

2.6、编写业务层接口IAccountService

package org.codeaction.service;

import org.codeaction.domain.Account;

import java.util.List;

public interface IAccountService {
    List<Account> findAll();
    Account findById(Integer id);
    void save(Account account);
    void update(Account account);
    void delete(Integer id);
}

2.7、编写业务层实现类IAccountServiceImpl

package org.codeaction.service.impl;

import org.codeaction.dao.IAccountDao;
import org.codeaction.domain.Account;
import org.codeaction.service.IAccountService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

@Service("accountService")
public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService {
    @Autowired
    private IAccountDao accountDao;

    public void setAccountDao(IAccountDao accountDao) {
        this.accountDao = accountDao;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Account> findAll() {
        return accountDao.findAll();
    }

    @Override
    public Account findById(Integer id) {
        return accountDao.findById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public void save(Account account) {
        accountDao.save(account);
    }

    @Override
    public void update(Account account) {
        accountDao.update(account);
    }

    @Override
    public void delete(Integer id) {
        accountDao.delete(id);
    }
}

2.8、编写JDBC配置类

这个配置类用来配置QueryRunner。

package org.codeaction.config;

import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

@Configuration
public class JdbcConfig {
    @Value("${jdbc.driverClass}")
    private String driverClass;
    @Value("${jdbc.jdbcUrl}")
    private String jdbcUrl;
    @Value("${jdbc.user}")
    private String user;
    @Value("${jdbc.password}")
    private String password;


    @Bean("queryRunner")
    public QueryRunner queryRunner(@Qualifier("dataSource") DataSource dataSource) {
        return new QueryRunner(dataSource);
    }

    @Bean("dataSource")
    public DataSource dataSource() {
        ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
        try {
            dataSource.setDriverClass(driverClass);
            dataSource.setJdbcUrl(jdbcUrl);
            dataSource.setUser(user);
            dataSource.setPassword(password);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return dataSource;
    }
}

2.9、编写主配置类

作用：

• 扫描org.codeaction下的所有注解；
• 加载jdbc的配置文件，后面会讲怎么写；
• 导入上面写的JDBC的配置类。

package org.codeaction.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "org.codeaction")
@PropertySource("classpath:jdbc.properties")
@Import(JdbcConfig.class)
public class MyConfig {

}

2.10、编写JDBC配置文件

这个文件在resource目录下，文件名：jdbc.properties

jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springlearn
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=123456

2.11、编写测试类

package org.codeaction.test;

import org.codeaction.config.MyConfig;
import org.codeaction.domain.Account;
import org.codeaction.service.IAccountService;
import org.codeaction.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import java.util.List;

public class MyTest {
    private IAccountService accountService;
    @Before
    public void init() {
        ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MyConfig.class);
        accountService = context.getBean("accountService", AccountServiceImpl.class);
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindAll() {
        List<Account> accounts = accountService.findAll();
        for (Account account : accounts) {
            System.out.println(account);
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindById() {
        Account account = accountService.findById(3);
        System.out.println(account);
    }

    @Test
    public void testSave() {
        Account account = new Account();
        account.setName("abc");
        account.setMoney(10000F);

        accountService.save(account);

        System.out.println(account);
    }

    @Test
    public void testDelete() {
        accountService.delete(4);
    }

    @Test
    public void testUpdate() {
        Account account = new Account();
        account.setId(5);
        account.setName("ab111111111c111");
        account.setMoney(10000F);
        accountService.update(account);
    }
}

运行测试方法进行测试。

以上就是纯注解方式结合Apache Commons DbUtils实现单表的CRUD操作。

三、Spring整合Junit

在上面的测试类中，有如下的代码

@Before
public void init() {
    ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MyConfig.class);
    accountService = context.getBean("accountService", AccountServiceImpl.class);
}

这段代码用来创建Spring容器，然后从Spring容器中获取Service对象。

在实际开发中，对于测试人员来讲可能不了解Spring，也不知道如何创建Spring容器，这段代码对测试人员来讲并不友好，有没有什么方式能在测试类中注入Service对象呢？针对上述问题，我们对项目进行进行如下修改。

3.1、在pom.xml中添加坐标

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
    <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

这个是Spring整合Junit的Jar包坐标。

3.2、修改测试类

package org.codeaction.test;

import org.codeaction.config.MyConfig;
import org.codeaction.domain.Account;
import org.codeaction.service.IAccountService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import java.util.List;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = MyConfig.class)
public class MyTest {
    @Autowired
    private IAccountService accountService;

    @Test
    public void testFindAll() {
        List<Account> accounts = accountService.findAll();
        for (Account account : accounts) {
            System.out.println(account);
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindById() {
        Account account = accountService.findById(3);
        System.out.println(account);
    }

    @Test
    public void testSave() {
        Account account = new Account();
        account.setName("abc");
        account.setMoney(10000F);

        accountService.save(account);

        System.out.println(account);
    }

    @Test
    public void testDelete() {
        accountService.delete(4);
    }

    @Test
    public void testUpdate() {
        Account account = new Account();
        account.setId(5);
        account.setName("ab111111111c111");
        account.setMoney(10000F);
        accountService.update(account);
    }
}

@RunWith：这个注解用来替换的原来的运行器。

@ContextConfiguration

作用：指定Spring配置文件的位置。

属性：

• locations：指定XMl文件的位置，加上classpath关键字，表示在类路径下；
• classes：指定配置类所在地位置。

运行测试方法进行测试。