zhihuijiao 2019-09-03
SpringBoot实战电商项目mall(20k+star)地址:https://github.com/macrozheng/mall
本文主要讲解mall整合RabbitMQ实现延迟消息的过程,以发送延迟消息取消超时订单为例。
RabbitMQ是一个被广泛使用的开源消息队列。它是轻量级且易于部署的,它能支持多种消息协议。RabbitMQ可以部署在分布式和联合配置中,以满足高规模、高可用性的需求。



rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management







| 标志 | 中文名 | 英文名 | 描述 | 
|---|---|---|---|
| P | 生产者 | Producer | 消息的发送者,可以将消息发送到交换机 | 
| C | 消费者 | Consumer | 消息的接收者,从队列中获取消息进行消费 | 
| X | 交换机 | Exchange | 接收生产者发送的消息,并根据路由键发送给指定队列 | 
| Q | 队列 | Queue | 存储从交换机发来的消息 | 
| type | 交换机类型 | type | direct表示直接根据路由键(orange/black)发送消息 | 
Lombok为Java语言添加了非常有趣的附加功能,你可以不用再为实体类手写getter,setter等方法,通过一个注解即可拥有。
注意:需要安装idea的Lombok插件,并在项目中的pom文件中添加依赖。

用于解决用户下单以后,订单超时如何取消订单的问题。
<!--消息队列相关依赖-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--lombok依赖-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
    <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    <optional>true</optional>
</dependency>修改application.yml文件,在spring节点下添加Mongodb相关配置。
rabbitmq:
    host: localhost # rabbitmq的连接地址
    port: 5672 # rabbitmq的连接端口号
    virtual-host: /mall # rabbitmq的虚拟host
    username: mall # rabbitmq的用户名
    password: mall # rabbitmq的密码
    publisher-confirms: true #如果对异步消息需要回调必须设置为true用于延迟消息队列及处理取消订单消息队列的常量定义,包括交换机名称、队列名称、路由键名称。
package com.macro.mall.tiny.dto;
import lombok.Getter;
/**
 * 消息队列枚举配置
 * Created by macro on 2018/9/14.
 */
@Getter
public enum QueueEnum {
    /**
     * 消息通知队列
     */
    QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL("mall.order.direct", "mall.order.cancel", "mall.order.cancel"),
    /**
     * 消息通知ttl队列
     */
    QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL("mall.order.direct.ttl", "mall.order.cancel.ttl", "mall.order.cancel.ttl");
    /**
     * 交换名称
     */
    private String exchange;
    /**
     * 队列名称
     */
    private String name;
    /**
     * 路由键
     */
    private String routeKey;
    QueueEnum(String exchange, String name, String routeKey) {
        this.exchange = exchange;
        this.name = name;
        this.routeKey = routeKey;
    }
}用于配置交换机、队列及队列与交换机的绑定关系。
package com.macro.mall.tiny.config;
import com.macro.mall.tiny.dto.QueueEnum;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
/**
 * 消息队列配置
 * Created by macro on 2018/9/14.
 */
@Configuration
public class RabbitMqConfig {
    /**
     * 订单消息实际消费队列所绑定的交换机
     */
    @Bean
    DirectExchange orderDirect() {
        return (DirectExchange) ExchangeBuilder
                .directExchange(QueueEnum.QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL.getExchange())
                .durable(true)
                .build();
    }
    /**
     * 订单延迟队列队列所绑定的交换机
     */
    @Bean
    DirectExchange orderTtlDirect() {
        return (DirectExchange) ExchangeBuilder
                .directExchange(QueueEnum.QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL.getExchange())
                .durable(true)
                .build();
    }
    /**
     * 订单实际消费队列
     */
    @Bean
    public Queue orderQueue() {
        return new Queue(QueueEnum.QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL.getName());
    }
    /**
     * 订单延迟队列(死信队列)
     */
    @Bean
    public Queue orderTtlQueue() {
        return QueueBuilder
                .durable(QueueEnum.QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL.getName())
                .withArgument("x-dead-letter-exchange", QueueEnum.QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL.getExchange())//到期后转发的交换机
                .withArgument("x-dead-letter-routing-key", QueueEnum.QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL.getRouteKey())//到期后转发的路由键
                .build();
    }
    /**
     * 将订单队列绑定到交换机
     */
    @Bean
    Binding orderBinding(DirectExchange orderDirect,Queue orderQueue){
        return BindingBuilder
                .bind(orderQueue)
                .to(orderDirect)
                .with(QueueEnum.QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL.getRouteKey());
    }
    /**
     * 将订单延迟队列绑定到交换机
     */
    @Bean
    Binding orderTtlBinding(DirectExchange orderTtlDirect,Queue orderTtlQueue){
        return BindingBuilder
                .bind(orderTtlQueue)
                .to(orderTtlDirect)
                .with(QueueEnum.QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL.getRouteKey());
    }
}



用于向订单延迟消息队列(mall.order.cancel.ttl)里发送消息。
package com.macro.mall.tiny.component;
import com.macro.mall.tiny.dto.QueueEnum;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.AmqpException;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessagePostProcessor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
 * 取消订单消息的发出者
 * Created by macro on 2018/9/14.
 */
@Component
public class CancelOrderSender {
    private static Logger LOGGER =LoggerFactory.getLogger(CancelOrderSender.class);
    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;
    public void sendMessage(Long orderId,final long delayTimes){
        //给延迟队列发送消息
        amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(QueueEnum.QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL.getExchange(), QueueEnum.QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL.getRouteKey(), orderId, new MessagePostProcessor() {
            @Override
            public Message postProcessMessage(Message message) throws AmqpException {
                //给消息设置延迟毫秒值
                message.getMessageProperties().setExpiration(String.valueOf(delayTimes));
                return message;
            }
        });
        LOGGER.info("send delay message orderId:{}",orderId);
    }
}用于从取消订单的消息队列(mall.order.cancel)里接收消息。
package com.macro.mall.tiny.component;
import com.macro.mall.tiny.service.OmsPortalOrderService;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
 * 取消订单消息的处理者
 * Created by macro on 2018/9/14.
 */
@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "mall.order.cancel")
public class CancelOrderReceiver {
    private static Logger LOGGER =LoggerFactory.getLogger(CancelOrderReceiver.class);
    @Autowired
    private OmsPortalOrderService portalOrderService;
    @RabbitHandler
    public void handle(Long orderId){
        LOGGER.info("receive delay message orderId:{}",orderId);
        portalOrderService.cancelOrder(orderId);
    }
}package com.macro.mall.tiny.service;
import com.macro.mall.tiny.common.api.CommonResult;
import com.macro.mall.tiny.dto.OrderParam;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
/**
 * 前台订单管理Service
 * Created by macro on 2018/8/30.
 */
public interface OmsPortalOrderService {
    /**
     * 根据提交信息生成订单
     */
    @Transactional
    CommonResult generateOrder(OrderParam orderParam);
    /**
     * 取消单个超时订单
     */
    @Transactional
    void cancelOrder(Long orderId);
}package com.macro.mall.tiny.service.impl;
import com.macro.mall.tiny.common.api.CommonResult;
import com.macro.mall.tiny.component.CancelOrderSender;
import com.macro.mall.tiny.dto.OrderParam;
import com.macro.mall.tiny.service.OmsPortalOrderService;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
 * 前台订单管理Service
 * Created by macro on 2018/8/30.
 */
@Service
public class OmsPortalOrderServiceImpl implements OmsPortalOrderService {
    private static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(OmsPortalOrderServiceImpl.class);
    @Autowired
    private CancelOrderSender cancelOrderSender;
    @Override
    public CommonResult generateOrder(OrderParam orderParam) {
        //todo 执行一系类下单操作,具体参考mall项目
        LOGGER.info("process generateOrder");
        //下单完成后开启一个延迟消息,用于当用户没有付款时取消订单(orderId应该在下单后生成)
        sendDelayMessageCancelOrder(11L);
        return CommonResult.success(null, "下单成功");
    }
    @Override
    public void cancelOrder(Long orderId) {
        //todo 执行一系类取消订单操作,具体参考mall项目
        LOGGER.info("process cancelOrder orderId:{}",orderId);
    }
    private void sendDelayMessageCancelOrder(Long orderId) {
        //获取订单超时时间,假设为60分钟
        long delayTimes = 30 * 1000;
        //发送延迟消息
        cancelOrderSender.sendMessage(orderId, delayTimes);
    }
}package com.macro.mall.tiny.controller;
import com.macro.mall.tiny.dto.OrderParam;
import com.macro.mall.tiny.service.OmsPortalOrderService;
import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
/**
 * 订单管理Controller
 * Created by macro on 2018/8/30.
 */
@Controller
@Api(tags = "OmsPortalOrderController", description = "订单管理")
@RequestMapping("/order")
public class OmsPortalOrderController {
    @Autowired
    private OmsPortalOrderService portalOrderService;
    @ApiOperation("根据购物车信息生成订单")
    @RequestMapping(value = "/generateOrder", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    @ResponseBody
    public Object generateOrder(@RequestBody OrderParam orderParam) {
        return portalOrderService.generateOrder(orderParam);
    }
}注意:已经将延迟消息时间设置为30秒



https://github.com/macrozheng/mall-learning/tree/master/mall-tiny-08
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