powrexly 2013-12-26
对于大多数应用来说都做了与spring整合,对于rabbitmq来说。也有与spring的整合。可能通过spring的官网找到spring-amqp项目下载。spring-amqp项目包括三个子项目:spring-amqp、spring-erlang、spring-rabbit.
下面来认识一下spring-amqp中的几个重要类;以spring-amqp-1.0.0.M3版本为例
1、Message : Spring AMQP定义的Message类是AMQP域模型中代表之一。Message类封装了body(消息BODY)和properties(消息属性) 。使得这个API看起来很简单。Message类定义如下:
public class Message { private final MessageProperties messageProperties; private final byte[] body; public Message(byte[] body, MessageProperties messageProperties) { this.body = body; this.messageProperties = messageProperties; } public byte[] getBody() { return this.body; } public MessageProperties getMessageProperties() { return this.messageProperties; } }
其中MessageProperties类中定义了例如messageId、timestamp、contentType等属性。这此属性可以扩展到用户通过setHeader(String key, Object value)方法来自定义“headers”。
2、Exchange
Exchange接口代表一个AMQP的Exchange,决定消息生产者发送消息。每个Exchange都包括一个特定的唯一名字的虚拟主机的代理和一些其他属性。
public interface Exchange { String getName(); String getType(); boolean isDurable(); boolean isAutoDelete(); Map<String, Object> getArguments(); }
其中 AbstractExchange类实现了Exchange类。而DirectExchange、TopicExchange、FanoutExchang、HeadersExchange四个类继承AbstractExchange。并重写了getType()类。根据各自相对应的Exchange类型。DirectExchange、TopicExchange、FanoutExchang、HeadersExchange分别对应的类型为direct,topic,fanout,headers.对应Exchange与routingkey的判定关系在前面的章节中已学习了!
3、Queue
Queue类是消息消费者接收消息中重要的一个组成部分。通过与Exchange判定来肯定消费者所接收的消息。伪代码如下:
public class Queue { private final String name; private volatile boolean durable; private volatile boolean exclusive; private volatile boolean autoDelete; private volatile Map<String, Object> arguments; public Queue(String name) { this.name = name; } // Getters and Setters omitted for brevity
其中name表示队列的名称、durable表示持久性。true表示是。exclusive表示独占性。由于在AmqpTemplate中提供一个方法来得到唯一的队列。这个队列可能是一个”reply-to“地址或者其他信息,因此一般exclusive和autoDelete一般设定为true.
4、Binding
Bingding类通过多种构造参数来判定Exchange,Queue,routingkey;例如
Binding(Queue queue, FanoutExchange exchange)
Binding(Queue queue, HeadersExchange exchange, Map<String, Object> arguments)
Binding(Queue queue, DirectExchange exchange)
Binding(Queue queue, DirectExchange exchange, String routingKey)
Binding(Queue queue, TopicExchange exchange, String routingKey)
5、AmqpTemplate
AmqpTemplate是用来发送消息的模板类
public interface AmqpTemplate { // send methods for messages void send(Message message) throws AmqpException; void send(String routingKey, Message message) throws AmqpException; void send(String exchange, String routingKey, Message message) throws AmqpException; // send methods with conversion void convertAndSend(Object message) throws AmqpException; void convertAndSend(String routingKey, Object message) throws AmqpException; void convertAndSend(String exchange, String routingKey, Object message) throws AmqpException; void convertAndSend(Object message, MessagePostProcessor messagePostProcessor) throws AmqpException; void convertAndSend(String routingKey, Object message, MessagePostProcessor messagePostProcessor) throws AmqpException; void convertAndSend(String exchange, String routingKey, Object message, MessagePostProcessor messagePostProcessor) throws AmqpException; // receive methods for messages Message receive() throws AmqpException; Message receive(String queueName) throws AmqpException; // receive methods with conversion Object receiveAndConvert() throws AmqpException; Object receiveAndConvert(String queueName) throws AmqpException; // send and receive methods for messages Message sendAndReceive(Message message) throws AmqpException; Message sendAndReceive(String routingKey, Message message) throws AmqpException; Message sendAndReceive(String exchange, String routingKey, Message message) throws AmqpException; // send and receive methods with conversion Object convertSendAndReceive(Object message) throws AmqpException; Object convertSendAndReceive(String routingKey, Object message) throws AmqpException; Object convertSendAndReceive(String exchange, String routingKey, Object message) throws AmqpException; }
6、AmqpAdmin和RabbitAdmin
用户配置Queue、Exchange、Binding的代理类。代理类会自动声明或创建这些配置信息。
下面这个类用于异步接收消息的处理类
7、MessageConverter 消息转换器类
8、SimpleMessageListenerContainer 监听消息容器类